Abstract
A method using an image processing technique was developed to measure the moisture profile in pasta during its rehydration process. The method is based on the increase in sample color brightness with increasing moisture content. Compared to currently used methods, this method has the advantage that moisture contents around 0.1 kg-H2O/kg-d.m. can be easily measured at a spatial resolution of 1.6 μm. The moisture profiles obtained by this method suggested that penetration of water into small holes and cracks on the pasta surface, water diffusion in the pasta, and structural relaxation of the protein matrix play important roles in the rehydration mechanism. It was also suggested that starch granule gelatinization prevented water migration into the interior portion of the pasta.







Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.References
Altan, A., Oztop, M. H., McCarthy, K. L., & McCarthy, M. J. (2011). Monitoring changes in feta cheese during brining by magnetic resonance imaging and NMR relaxometry. J Food Eng, 107(2), 200–207.
Atarés, L., Chiralt, A., & González-Martínez, C. (2009). Effect of the impregnated solute on air drying and rehydration of apple slices (cv. Granny Smith). J Food Eng, 91(2), 305–310.
Cunina, C., Handschina, S., Waltherb, P., & Eschera, F. (1995). Structural changes of starch during cooking of durum wheat pasta. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 28(3), 323–328.
Cunningham, S. E., McMinn, W. A. M., Magee, T. R. A., & Richardson, P. S. (2007). Modelling water absorption of pasta during soaking. J Food Eng, 82(4), 600–607.
Del Nobile, M. A., Buonocore, G. G., Panizza, A., & Gambacorta, G. (2003). Modeling the spaghetti hydration kinetics during cooking and overcooking. J Food Sci, 68(4), 1316–1323.
Dexter, J. E., Dronzek, B. L., & Matsuo, R. R. (1978). Scanning electron microscopy of cooked spaghetti. Cereal Chemistry, 55(1), 23–30.
Dı́az, G. R., Martı́nez-Monzó, J., Fito, P., & Chiralt, A. (2003). Modelling of dehydration-rehydration of orange slices in combined microwave/air drying. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 4(2), 203–209.
Falade, K. O., & Abbo, E. S. (2007). Air-drying and rehydration characteristics of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits. J Food Eng, 79(2), 724–730.
García-Pascual, P., Sanjuán, N., Melis, R., & Mulet, A. (2006). Morchella esculenta (morel) rehydration process modeling. J Food Eng, 72(4), 346–353.
García-Segovia, P., Andrés-Bello, A., & Martínez-Monzó, J. (2011). Rehydration of air-dried shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) caps: comparison of conventional and vacuum water immersion processes. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 44(2), 480–488.
Giraldo, G., Vázquez, R., Martín-Esparza, M. E., & Chiralt, A. (2006). Rehydration kinetics and soluble solids lixiviation of candied mango fruit as affected by sucrose concentration. J Food Eng, 77(4), 825–834.
Hills, B. P., Babonneau, F., Quantin, V. M., Gaudet, F., & Belton, P. S. (1996). Radial NMR microimaging studies of the rehydration of extruded pasta. J Food Eng, 27(1), 71–86.
Hills, B. P., Godward, J., & Wright, K. M. (1997). Fast radial NMR microimaging studies of pasta drying. J Food Eng, 33(3/4), 321–335.
Horigane, A. K., Takahashi, H., Maruyama, S., Ohtsubo, K., & Yoshida, M. (2006). Water penetration into rice grains during soaking observed by gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Cereal Science, 44(3), 307–316.
Irie, K., Horigane, A. K., Naito, S., Motoi, H., & Yoshida, M. (2004). Moisture distribution and texture of various types of cooked spaghetti. Cereal Chemistry, 81(3), 350–355.
Lee, K. T., Farid, M., & Nguang, S. K. (2006). The mathematical modelling of the rehydration characteristics of fruits. J Food Eng, 72(1), 16–23.
Maldonado, S., Arnau, E., & Bertuzzi, M. A. (2010). Effect of temperature and pretreatment on water diffusion during rehydration of dehydrated mangoes. J Food Eng, 96(3), 333–341.
Nagao, S., Seko, H., Endo, S., Uchida, M., Imai, T., Seguchi, M., & Shimada, J. (2006). Wheat science (in Japanese; Komugi no Kagaku) (6th ed., p. 88). Tokyo: Asakura Shoten.
Nayak, C. A., Suguna, K., & Rastogi, N. K. (2006). Combined effect of gamma-irradiation and osmotic treatment on mass transfer during rehydration of carrots. J Food Eng, 74(1), 134–142.
Ogawa, T., & Adachi, S. (2013). Effect of salts on water sorption kinetics of dried pasta. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 77(2), 249–252.
Ogawa, T., Kobayashi, T., & Adachi, S. (2011). Water sorption kinetics of spaghetti at different temperatures. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 89(2), 135–141.
Saguy, I. S., Marabi, A., & Wallach, R. (2005a). Liquid imbibition during rehydration of dry porous foods. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 6(1), 37–43.
Saguy, I. S., Marabi, A., & Wallach, R. (2005b). New approach to model rehydration of dry food particulates utilizing principles of liquid transport in porous media. Trends Food Sci Technol, 16(11), 495–506.
Sanjuán, N., Simal, S., Bon, J., & Mulet, A. (1999). Modelling of broccoli stems rehydration process. J Food Eng, 42(1), 27–31.
Sekiyama, Y., Horigane, A. K., Ono, H., Irie, K., Maeda, T., & Yoshida, M. (2012). T2 distribution of boiled dry spaghetti measured by MRI and its internal structure observed by fluorescence microscopy. Food Res Int, 48(2), 374–379.
Singh, G. D., Sharma, R., Bawa, A. S., & Saxena, D. C. (2008). Drying and rehydration characteristics of water chestnut (Trapa natans) as a function of drying air temperature. J Food Eng, 87(2), 213–221.
Takagi, M., & Shimoda, H. (Eds.). (2004). Handbook of image analysis (revised edition). Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.
Temmerman, J. D., Verboven, P., Nicolai, B., & Ramon, H. (2007). Modelling of transient moisture concentration of semolina pasta during air drying. J Food Eng, 80(3), 892–903.
Watanabe, H. (2004). The factor which governs water migration in starchy foods. Japan Journal of Food Engineering, 5(3), 143–151.
Yildirim, A., Öner, M. D., & Bayram, M. (2011). Fitting Fick's model to analyze water diffusion into chickpeas during soaking with ultrasound treatment. J Food Eng, 104(1), 134–142.
Acknowledgments
This study was carried out as a part of the project study of “The Cereal Science Consortium by the Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University and the Nisshin Seifun Group, Inc.” This study was supported in part by a grant from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for a research fellow (T.O.).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ogawa, T., Adachi, S. Measurement of Moisture Profiles in Pasta During Rehydration Based on Image Processing. Food Bioprocess Technol 7, 1465–1471 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-013-1156-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-013-1156-y
