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Markteintritte, Marktaustritte und Produktivität Empirische Befunde zur Dynamik in der Industrie

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Zusammenfassung

Mit Paneldaten für sämtliche niedersächsischen Industriebetriebe der Jahre 1995 bis 2002 werden drei Hypothesen aus dem Modell von Hopenhayn (Econometrica 1992) getestet: (H1) Firmen, die in der Periode t aus dem Markt ausscheiden, waren in der Periode t-1 weniger produktiv als Firmen, die in t im Markt verbleiben. (H2) Firmen, die in der Periode t in den Markt eintreten, weisen eine geringere Produktivität auf als Firmen, die in der Periode t bereits im Markt aktiv sind. (H3) Firmen aus einer Gründungskohorte, die am Markt überleben, weisen zum Zeitpunkt der Gründung eine höhere Produktivität auf als Firmen, die bereits nach wenigen Jahren wieder ausscheiden. Jede Hypothese wird bestätigt.

Abstract

Using panel data for all plants from manufacturing industries in one German federal state, Lower Saxony, for the years 1995 to 2002, this paper tests three hypotheses from a model by Hopenhayn (Econometrica 1992): (H1) Firms that exit in year t were in t-1 less productive than firms that continue to produce in t. (H2) Firms that enter in year t are less productive than incumbent firms in year t. (H3) Surviving firms from an entry cohort were more productive than non-surviving firms from this cohort in the start year. All three hypotheses are supported empirically. Selection effects leading to a survival of the fittest – i.e., most productive – firms are decisive for industry dynamics. Economic policy, therefore, should not hinder entry, exit, or the reallocation of factors of production between continuing firms, because such interventions would hinder productivity growth, and economic growth in general.

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Correspondence to Joachim Wagner.

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L11, L60

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Wagner, J. Markteintritte, Marktaustritte und Produktivität Empirische Befunde zur Dynamik in der Industrie . Wirt Sozialstat Archiv 1, 193–203 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11943-007-0020-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11943-007-0020-9

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