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Beyond Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu’s Arteritis: Secondary Large Vessel Vasculitis and Vasculitis Mimickers

  • Recent Advances in Large Vessel Vasculitis (C Dejaco and C Duftner, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Rheumatology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To provide an overview of mimickers of large vessel vasculitis (LVV), by the main presenting manifestation, i.e., systemic, vascular, and cranial manifestations.

Recent Findings

The main differential diagnoses in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK) presenting with systemic manifestations (i.e., fever, anorexia, weight loss, night sweats, arthralgia/myalgia, and/or increased inflammatory indexes) are neoplastic, infectious, or other inflammatory conditions. In patients with vascular manifestations (such as peripheral ischemia, vascular stenoses, or aneurysms), atherosclerosis and non-inflammatory vascular diseases should be excluded. In those presenting with predominant cranial symptoms (i.e., temporal headache, jaw claudication, scalp tenderness, transient or permanent vision loss), other causes of headache, cerebrovascular accidents, optic neuropathy, and neuromuscular syndromes need to be considered.

Summary

The diagnosis of LVV maybe challenging, especially when patients present with atypical or incomplete clinical forms. In these cases, a multidisciplinary approach is strongly recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rheumatology Department, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital and Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Largo Madaglie D’Oro 9, 38121, Trento, Italy

    Alvise Berti

  2. Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Alvise Berti & Marta Casal Moura

  3. Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

    Elia Sechi

  4. Vascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Francesco Squizzato

  5. Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    Giulia Costanzo

  6. Ophthalmology and Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    John J. Chen

  7. Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Kenneth J. Warrington

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Berti, A., Moura, M.C., Sechi, E. et al. Beyond Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu’s Arteritis: Secondary Large Vessel Vasculitis and Vasculitis Mimickers. Curr Rheumatol Rep 22, 88 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-020-00965-w

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