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Review of Use of Asynchronous Technologies Incorporated in Mental Health Care

  • Psychiatry in the Digital Age (J Shore, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Psychiatry Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Mental health clinicians should understand how technologies augment, enhance, and provide alternate means for the delivery of mental healthcare. These technologies can be used asynchronously, in which the patient and the clinician need not be communicating at the same time. This contrasts with synchronous technologies, in which patient and clinician must communicate at the same time.

Recent Findings

The review is based on research literature and the authors’ clinical and healthcare administration experiences. Asynchronous technologies can exist between a single clinician and a single patient, such as patient portal e-mail and messaging, in-app messaging, asynchronous telepsychiatry via store-and-forward video, and specialty patient-to-provider mobile apps. Asynchronous technologies have already been used in different countries with success, and can alleviate the psychiatric workforce shortage and improve barriers to access. Multiple studies referred to in this review demonstrate good retention and acceptability of asynchronous psychotherapy interventions by patients.

Summary

Asynchronous technologies can alleviate access barriers, such as geographical, scheduling, administrative, and financial issues. It is important for clinicians to understand the efficacy, assess the ethics, and manage privacy and legal concerns that may arise from using asynchronous technologies.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks to UC Davis Department of Psychiatry, UC Davis Health Information Technology, the UCSF Department of Psychiatry, the UCSF Division of Hospital Medicine, and the Office of the Chief Health Informatics Officer at UCSF Health.

Funding

Steven Chan reports grants from American Psychiatric Association/SAMHSA, personal fees from HealthLinkNow, North American Center for Continuing Medical Education, LLC, and Guidewell Innovation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hospital Medicine, Clinical Informatics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Steven Chan

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Steven Chan

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

    Steven Chan & Peter M. Yellowlees

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Luming Li

  5. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    John Torous

  6. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    John Torous

  7. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada

    David Gratzer

  8. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    David Gratzer

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  4. David Gratzer
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  5. Peter M. Yellowlees
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Correspondence to Steven Chan.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Psychiatry in the Digital Age

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Chan, S., Li, L., Torous, J. et al. Review of Use of Asynchronous Technologies Incorporated in Mental Health Care. Curr Psychiatry Rep 20, 85 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-018-0954-3

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