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Osteocytes and Cancer

  • Osteocytes (J Delgado-Calle and J Klein-Nulend, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

While the function of osteocytes under physiologic conditions is well defined, their role and involvement in cancer disease remains relatively unexplored, especially in a context of non-bone metastatic cancer. This review will focus on describing the more advanced knowledge regarding the interactions between osteocytes and cancer.

Recent Findings

We will discuss the involvement of osteocytes in the onset and progression of osteosarcoma, with the common bone cancers, as well as the interaction that is established between osteocytes and multiple myeloma. Mechanisms responsible for cancer dissemination to bone, as frequently occur with advanced breast and prostate cancers, will be reviewed. While a role for osteocytes in the stimulation and proliferation of cancer cells has been reported, protective effects of osteocytes against bone colonization have been described as well, thus increasing ambiguity regarding the role of osteocytes in cancer progression and dissemination. Lastly, supporting the idea that skeletal defects can occur also in the absence of direct cancer dissemination or osteolytic lesions directly adjacent to the bone, our recent findings will be presented showing that in the absence of bone metastases, the bone microenvironment and, particularly, osteocytes, can manifest a clear and dramatic response to the distant, non-metastatic tumor.

Summary

Our observations support new studies to clarify whether treatments designed to preserve the osteocytes can be combined with traditional anticancer therapies, even when bone is not directly affected by tumor growth.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Department of Surgery and the Department of Otolaryngology — Head & Neck Surgery at Indiana University, by a grant from the NIH/NIA (PO1AG039355) to LFB, and by grants from the NIH/NIAMS (R01AR079379), Showalter Research Trust, V Foundation for Cancer Research (V2017-021), and American Cancer Society (Research Scholar Grant 132013-RSG-18-010-01-CCG) to AB

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Fabrizio Pin, Matt Prideaux, Lynda F. Bonewald & Andrea Bonetto

  2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Andrea Bonetto

  3. Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W Walnut Street, R3-C522, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Andrea Bonetto

  4. Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Lynda F. Bonewald & Andrea Bonetto

  5. Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Matt Prideaux, Lynda F. Bonewald & Andrea Bonetto

Authors
  1. Fabrizio Pin
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  2. Matt Prideaux
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  3. Lynda F. Bonewald
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  4. Andrea Bonetto
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Contributions

FP, MP, LFB, and AB conceived the content of the manuscript; FP and MP wrote the manuscript; LFB and AB edited and approved the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrea Bonetto.

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The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Osteocytes

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Pin, F., Prideaux, M., Bonewald, L.F. et al. Osteocytes and Cancer. Curr Osteoporos Rep 19, 616–625 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-021-00712-9

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