Abstract
Purpose of Review
To summarize and evaluate the literature on treatment approaches for oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancer.
Recent Findings
There is no clear definition for oligometastatic urothelial cancers due to limited data. Studies focusing on oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancer have been primarily retrospective. Treatment options include local therapy with surgery or radiation, and generalized systemic therapy such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
Summary
Oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancers remain challenging to manage, and treatment requires an interdisciplinary approach. Systemic therapy is nearly always a component of current care in the form of chemotherapy, but the role of immunotherapy has not been explored. Consideration of surgical and radiation options may improve outcomes, and no studies have compared directly between the two localized treatment options. The development of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers may also enhance the treatment landscape in the future.
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Funding
No funding was received directly related to the conduction of this study. M.L. receives funding from a T32 Grant (T32 CA 203703–8). K.R. receives funding from the NCI (3R37CA258829-03S1) and the 2023 Robert A. Winn Diversity in Clinical Trials Career Development Award.
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M.L. conducted the literature review and wrote the main manuscript. J.L. wrote part of the manuscript, provided manuscript editing, and prepared the figure. K.R. supervised the project, reviewed the articles, and provided manuscript editing.
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KR participates in a steering committee for Janssen. The authors have no financial conflicts of interest to disclose.
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Liu, M.A., Li, J.W. & Runcie, K. Management of Oligometastatic and Locally Recurrent Urothelial Carcinoma. Curr Oncol Rep 26, 496–503 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01523-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01523-8