References
Emanuel EJ, Patterson WB: Ethics of randomized clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 1998, 16:365–371.
Temple R, Ellenberg SS: Placebo-controlled trials and activecontrol trials in the evaluation of new treatments. Part 1: Ethical and scientific issues. Ann Intern Med 2000, 133:455–463.
Ellenberg SS, Temple R: Placebo-controlled trials and activecontrol trials in the evaluation of new treatments. Part 2: Practical issues and specific cases. Ann Intern Med 2000, 133:464–470.
Simon R: Are placebo-controlled clinical trials ethical or needed when alternative treatment exists? Ann Intern Med 2000, 133:474–475.
Marquis D: How to resolve an ethical dilemma concerning randomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:691–693.
Hellman D: Evidence, belief, and action: the failure of equipoise to resolve the ethical tension in the randomized clinical trial. J Law Med Ethics 2002, 30:375–380.
Pentz RD, Flamm AL, Sugarman J, et al.: Study of the media’s potential influence on prospective research participants’ understanding of and motivations for participation in a high-profile phase I trial. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20:3785–3791.
Doyle C, Crump M, Pintilie M, Oza AM: Does palliative chemotherapy palliate? Evaluation of expectations, outcomes, and costs in women receiving chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2001, 19:1266–1274.
Corbie-Smith G, Thomas SB, St. George DMM: Distrust, race, and research. Arch Intern Med 2002, 162:2458–2463.
Campos SM, Penson RT, Mays AR, et al.: The clinical utility of liposomal doxorubicin in recurrent ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2001, 81:206–212.
Rose PG, Maxson JH, Fusco N, et al.: Liposomal doxorubicin in ovarian, peritoneal, and tubal carcinoma: a retrospective comparative study of single-agent dosages. Gynecol Oncol 2001, 82:323–328.
Rodriguez M, Rose PG: Improved therapeutic index of lower dose topotecan chemotherapy in recurrent ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2001, 83:257–262.
Bolis G, Scarfone G, Tateo S, et al.: Response and toxicity to topotecan in sensitive ovarian cancer cases with small residual disease after first-line treatment with carboplatinum and paclitaxel. Gynecol Oncol 2001, 80:13–15.
Schafer A: The ethics of the randomized clinical trial. N Engl J Med 1982, 307:719–724.
Rosner F: The ethics of randomized clinical trials. Am J Med 1987, 82:283–290.
Huston P, Peterson R: Withholding proven treatment in clinical research. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:912–913.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Markman, M. Randomized trials in oncology: A fertile ground for controversy. Curr Oncol Rep 5, 347–348 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-003-0014-x
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-003-0014-x