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Big data and predictive analytics in neurocritical care

  • Critical Care (S.A. Mayer, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

To describe predictive data and workflow in the intensive care unit when managing neurologically ill patients.

Recent Findings

In the era of Big Data in medicine, intensive critical care units are data-rich environments. Neurocritical care adds another layer of data with advanced multimodal monitoring to prevent secondary brain injury from ischemia, tissue hypoxia, and a cascade of ongoing metabolic events. A step closer toward personalized medicine is the application of multimodal monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics, bran oxygenation, brain metabolism, and electrophysiologic indices, all of which have complex and dynamic interactions. These data are acquired and visualized using different tools and monitors facing multiple challenges toward the goal of the optimal decision support system.

Summary

In this review, we highlight some of the predictive data used to diagnose, treat, and prognosticate the neurologically ill patients. We describe information management in neurocritical care units including data acquisition, wrangling, analysis, and visualization.

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Abbreviations

AVDO2 :

Arterial venous difference in oxygen content

AWARE:

Ambient Warning and Response Evaluation

CBF:

Cerebral flood flow

CDS:

Clinical decision support

CMD:

Cerebral micro-dialysis

CMRO2 :

Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption

CPP:

Cerebral perfusion pressure

CSF:

Cerebral spinal fluid

CT:

Computer tomography

DICOM:

Digital Imaging in Medicine

EDF:

European data format

EEG:

Electroencephalography

EMR:

Electronic medical record

FDA:

Food and Drug Association

HDF:

Hierarchical data format

IEEE:

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

ICP:

Intracranial pressure

ICU:

Intensive care unit

ISO:

International Organization of Standardization

LDF:

Laser Doppler flowmetry

MMM:

Multimodal monitoring

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

NIRS:

Near-infrared spectroscopy

PaCO2 :

Partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide

PtiO2 :

Brain oxygen tension

PRx:

Cerebrovascular pressure reactivity

RJ45:

Registered Jack-45

RS-232:

Recommended Standard-232

SAH:

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

TBI:

Traumatic brain injury

TCD:

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography

TCP:

Transmission control protocol

TDF:

Thermal diffusion flowmetry

UDP:

User data protocol

USB:

Universal serial bus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Miller School of Medicine, Neurocritical Care Division, Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33146, USA

    Ayham Alkhachroum

  2. Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Julie Kromm

  3. Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Julie Kromm

  4. Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Julie Kromm

  5. Center for Neurocritical Care, Neurological Institute, University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-5040, USA

    Michael A. De Georgia

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  1. Ayham Alkhachroum
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Dr. Alkhachroum contributed to the conception and design of the paper, drafting and revising of the manuscript for intellectual content and has approved the final version of the manuscript.

Dr. Kromm contributed to the conception and design of the paper, drafting and revising of the manuscript for intellectual content and has approved the final version of the manuscript.

Dr. De Georgia: contributed to the conception and design of the paper, drafting and revising of the manuscript for intellectual content and has approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Michael A. De Georgia.

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Conflicts of Interests/Competing Interests

Dr. Alkachroum is supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under the Miami CTSI KL2 Career Development Award UL1TR002736.

Dr Kromm reports grants from the University of Calgary Postgraduate Medical Education Office, grants from the University of Calgary Office of Health and Medical Education Scholarship, outside the submitted work.

Dr. Michael DeGeorgia reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript.

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Alkhachroum, A., Kromm, J. & De Georgia, M.A. Big data and predictive analytics in neurocritical care. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 22, 19–32 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-022-01167-w

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