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Comparative Sleep Disturbances in Myotonic Dystrophy Types 1 and 2

  • Sleep (M Thorpy and M Billiard, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

To update current knowledge regarding sleep disturbances and myotonic dystrophies so as to better understand if sleep symptoms may help in the early recognition of the two genetic subtypes: myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2).

Recent Findings

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements in sleep, hypersomnia, and REM sleep dysregulation are frequently described in DM1 patients. SDB does not always explain hypersomnia, but a central dysregulation of sleep–wake modulation is reported mainly in DM1. Sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and REM sleep without atonia have been reported in single case reports and small case series of DM2.

Summary

DM2 is less prevalent and more recently described than DM1, with a milder phenotype than DM1. The most frequent sleep disorders in DM1 are hypersomnia, SDB, periodic limb movements, and a narcoleptic-like phenotype, whereas restless legs syndrome, SDB, and REM sleep without atonia seem to be the most frequent sleep disorders in DM2. Comparative sleep studies are strongly required to delineate the sleep phenotype of myotonic dystrophies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sleep Medicine Center, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy

    Andrea Romigi, Giuseppe Vitrani & Diego Centonze

  2. IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy

    Valentina Franco

  3. System Medicine Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

    Fabio Placidi, Claudio Liguori, Emanuele Rastelli, Diego Centonze & Roberto Massa

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  1. Andrea Romigi
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  2. Valentina Franco
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Correspondence to Andrea Romigi.

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AR has received personal fees from Eisai, Sandoz and UCB Pharma outside the submitted work. GV has received personal fees from Fidia Farmaceutici outside the submitted work. VF, FP, CL, ER, DC, and RM declare that they have no competing interests.

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Romigi, A., Franco, V., Placidi, F. et al. Comparative Sleep Disturbances in Myotonic Dystrophy Types 1 and 2. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 18, 102 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-018-0903-x

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