Abstract
Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is a devastating neurological condition with limited treatment options. We conducted an extensive literature search to identify and summarize the therapeutic options for SRSE. The search mainly resulted in case reports of various pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments. The success rate of each of the following agents, ketamine, inhaled anesthetics, intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG), IV steroids, ketogenic diet, hypothermia, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), are discussed in greater detail. The choice of appropriate treatment options for a given patient is based on clinical presentation. This review focuses on evidence-based, pharmacotherapeutic strategies for patients in SRSE.
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Ahmad Bayrlee, Nimalya Ganeshalingam, and Lisa Kurczewski declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Gretchen M. Brophy has received consultancy fees from Edge Therapeutics, honoraria payments, and paid travel accommodations from UCB Pharma and payment for development of educational presentations from the American College of Clinical Pharmacy.
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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
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Bayrlee, A., Ganeshalingam, N., Kurczewski, L. et al. Treatment of Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 15, 66 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0589-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0589-2