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Cerebral and Spinal Schistosomiasis

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Abstract

Cerebral schistosomiasis and spinal schistosomiasis are severe underrecognized complications of Schistosoma sp. infection, and can occur at any time during the parasitic infection. Neuroschistosomiasis has been increasingly reported not only in endemic areas but also in Western countries owing to immigration and international travel. Immunogenic interaction between schistosome egg deposition and the delayed hypersensitivity reaction of the host are the main neuropathogenic mechanisms involved. Eggs induce a periovular granulomatous reaction in the tissues. In some cases, schistosome adult worms may aberrantly migrate to the central nervous system via the vertebral venous plexus and place the ova at an ectopic site. Headache and seizures are common in cerebral schistosomiasis, and intracranial hypertension and hydrocephalus may occur in tumour-like and cerebellar schistosomiasis. Spinal schistosomiasis may manifest itself as acute myelitis and/or myeloradiculopathy. Recognition of neuroschistosomiasis is important so that early treatment with praziquantel and steroids can be started in an attempt to prevent severe disability.

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  1. Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC),, Barcelona, Spain

    Francisco Javier Carod Artal

  2. Calle José Pellicer 46, 7C. CP 50007, Zaragoza, Spain

    Francisco Javier Carod Artal

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Carod Artal, F.J. Cerebral and Spinal Schistosomiasis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 12, 666–674 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-012-0305-4

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