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Infective Endocarditis Epidemiology and Consequences of Prophylaxis Guidelines Modifications: the Dialectical Evolution

  • Cardiovascular Infections (D Levine, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Historically, infective endocarditis (IE) affected patients with predisposing cardiac conditions and community-acquired bacteremia. Over the past 30 years, significant changes have occurred, regarding microorganisms, underlying valvular heart diseases, portals of entry, and patients’ comorbidities. Given these epidemiological changes and unproven prophylaxis efficacy, experts in most countries currently limit antibiotic indications to patients with high-risk cardiac conditions having oral procedures and, in the UK, recommend discontinuing their use altogether. To date, no epidemiological impact on streptococcal IE incidence has been observed. Policy must now address these epidemiological modifications, focus on community-acquired and health care-associated staphylococcal bacteremia prevention, and prompt the adoption of broader and nonexclusively antibiotic-based strategies.

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Compliance with Ethics Guidelines

Conflict of Interest

Bruno Hoen and Catherine Chirouze have no conflicts of interest. Xavier Duval received a grant from Pfizer.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by the author.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France

    C. Chirouze

  2. UMR CNRS Chrono-environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France

    C. Chirouze

  3. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Faculté de Médecine Hyacinthe Bastaraud, EA 4537, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France

    B. Hoen

  4. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, CIC-EC (CIE 802), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, 75018, Pointe-à-Pitre, France

    B. Hoen

  5. Inserm CIC 007; AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Bichat, Paris, France

    X. Duval

  6. University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 738, 75018, Paris, France

    X. Duval

Authors
  1. C. Chirouze
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  2. B. Hoen
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  3. X. Duval
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to C. Chirouze or X. Duval.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Cardiovascular Infections

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Chirouze, C., Hoen, B. & Duval, X. Infective Endocarditis Epidemiology and Consequences of Prophylaxis Guidelines Modifications: the Dialectical Evolution. Curr Infect Dis Rep 16, 440 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-014-0440-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-014-0440-y

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