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Update on the Use of Pulse Wave Velocity to Measure Age-Related Vascular Changes

  • Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases (A Kirabo, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Hypertension Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an important and well-established measure of arterial stiffness that is strongly associated with aging. Age-related alterations in the elastic properties and integrity of arterial walls can lead to cardiovascular disease. PWV measurements play an important role in the early detection of these changes, as well as other cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge of the effects of aging on arterial stiffness, as measured by PWV.

Recent Findings

This review highlights recent findings showing the applicability of PWV analysis for investigating heart failure, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases, as well as cerebrovascular diseases and Alzheimer’s disease. It also discusses the clinical implications of utilizing PWV to monitor treatment outcomes, various challenges in implementing PWV assessment in clinical practice, and the development of new technologies, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, which may improve the usefulness of PWV measurements in the future.

Summary

Measuring arterial stiffness through PWV remains an important technique to study aging, especially as the technology continues to evolve. There is a clear need to leverage PWV to identify interventions that mitigate age-related increases in PWV, potentially improving CVD outcomes and promoting healthy vascular aging.

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Data Availability

No new data was generated for this manuscript.

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Acknowledgements

Current Hypertension Reports is grateful to Dr. Suzanne Oparil for her review of this manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Fogarty International Center and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health grants R03HL155041, R01HL147818, R01HL144941, and R21TW012635 (AK); United Negro College Fund/Bristol-Myers Squibb E.E. Just Faculty Fund; Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Awards at the Scientific Interface Award; Burroughs Wellcome Fund Ad-hoc Award; NIH Small Research Pilot Subaward to 5R25HL106365-12 from the NIH PRIDE Program; and DK020593, Vanderbilt Diabetes and Research Training Center for DRTC Alzheimer’s Disease Pilot & Feasibility Program; CZI Science Diversity Leadership grant number 2022- 253529 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative DAF, an advised fund of Silicon Valley Community Foundation (AHJ).

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  1. Andrea G. Marshall and Kit Neikirk share co-first authorship

  2. Anilkumar K. Reddy and Antentor Hinton Jr. share senior authorship

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Andrea G. Marshall, Kit Neikirk, Bryanna Shao & Antentor Hinton Jr.

  2. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 750 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232-0615, USA

    Jeremiah Afolabi, Naome Mwesigwa & Annet Kirabo

  3. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Anilkumar K. Reddy

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  1. Andrea G. Marshall
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  2. Kit Neikirk
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  7. Anilkumar K. Reddy
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  8. Antentor Hinton Jr.
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All authors prepared manuscript text and editing. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Antentor Hinton Jr..

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Dr. Reddy is a collaborator and consultant with Indus Instruments, Webster, TX. All other authors have no competing interests.

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Marshall, A.G., Neikirk, K., Afolabi, J. et al. Update on the Use of Pulse Wave Velocity to Measure Age-Related Vascular Changes. Curr Hypertens Rep 26, 131–140 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-023-01285-x

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