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Viral and Host Biomarkers of HIV Remission Post Treatment Interruption

  • HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay and NS Utay, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

HIV rebound/remission after antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption is likely influenced by (a) the size of the inducible replication-competent HIV reservoir and (b) factors in the host environment that influence immunological pressures on this reservoir. Identifying viral and/or host biomarkers of HIV rebound after ART cessation may improve the safety of treatment interruptions and our understanding of how the viral-host interplay results in post-treatment control. Here we review the predictive and functional significance of recently suggested viral and host biomarkers of time to viral rebound and post-treatment control following ART interruption.

Recent Findings

There are currently no validated viral or host biomarkers of viral rebound; however, several biomarkers have been recently suggested.

Summary

A combination of viral and host factors will likely be needed to predict viral rebound and to better understand the mechanisms contributing to post-treatment control of HIV, critical steps to developing a cure for HIV infection.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Joseph M. McCune, M.D., Ph.D., Douglas D. Richman, Ph.D, and Luis J. Montaner, D.V.M., D.Phil., for reading and commenting on this article.

Funding

MA-M is funded by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Campbell Foundation, the Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR), and the NIH grants (R01AI165079, R01NS117458, R01DK123733, R01AG062383, and P30 AI 045008). MA-M and L.B.G are members of the investigation team of the NIH-funded BEAT-HIV Martin Delaney Collaboratory to cure HIV-1 infection (UM1AI164570). : LBG is funded by AIDS Clinical Trials Group (NWCS 539). Rachel E. Locke, Ph.D., provided critical comments and editing.

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  1. The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Leila B. Giron & Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen

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  1. Leila B. Giron
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MA-M and L.B.G conceived, designed, and wrote the review.

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Correspondence to Leila B. Giron.

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Giron, L.B., Abdel-Mohsen, M. Viral and Host Biomarkers of HIV Remission Post Treatment Interruption. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 19, 217–233 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00607-z

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