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HIV Eradication Strategies: Implications for the Central Nervous System

  • Central Nervous System and Cognition (SS Spudich, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

In addition to preventive protocols and antiretroviral therapy, HIV-1 eradication has been considered as an additional strategy to help fight the AIDS epidemic. With the support of multiple funding agencies, research groups worldwide have been developing protocols to achieve either a sterilizing or a functional cure for HIV-infection.

Recent Findings

Most of the studies focus on the elimination or suppression of circulating CD4+ T cells, the best characterized HIV-1 latent reservoir. The role of the central nervous system (CNS) as a latent reservoir is still controversial. Although brain macrophages and astrocytes are susceptible to HIV-1 infection, it has not been ascertained whether the CNS carries latent HIV-1 during cART and, if so, whether the virus can be reactivated and spread to other compartments after ART interruption.

Summary

Here, we examine the implications of HIV-1 eradication strategies on the CNS, regardless of whether it is a true latent reservoir and, if so, whether it is present in all patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Rebecca T. Veenhuis, Janice E. Clements & Lucio Gama

  2. Vaccine Research Center – NIAID – NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Lucio Gama

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  1. Rebecca T. Veenhuis
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  2. Janice E. Clements
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  3. Lucio Gama
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Correspondence to Lucio Gama.

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Dr. Veenhuis and Dr. Clements declare no conflicts of interest. Dr. Gama reports grants from NIH, during the conduct of the study.

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Veenhuis, R.T., Clements, J.E. & Gama, L. HIV Eradication Strategies: Implications for the Central Nervous System. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 16, 96–104 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-019-00428-7

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