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New Insights into Combinational Drug Therapy to Manage Congestion in Heart Failure

  • Pharmacologic Therapy (WHW Tang, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Congestion is the most important contributor to morbidity and mortality in heart failure. In patients without congestion, maintaining a neutral sodium balance is imperative to prevent evolving volume overload. Adequate use of neurohumoral blockers, in combination with dietary sodium restriction, is essential and may preclude the need for maintenance diuretic therapy. If volume overload still prevails, loop diuretics remain the mainstay treatment to reduce excessive extracellular volume. However, combinational drug therapy might offer a more attractive alternative to achieve a balanced natriuresis, instead of further uptitration of loop diuretics. Importantly, elevated cardiac filling pressures may be caused by volume misdistribution and impaired venous capacitance, rather than absolute volume overload. Vasodilator therapy to unload the heart, increase venous capacitance, and lower arterial impedance might be interesting in such cases. This review offers a practical approach into current and potential future pharmacologic therapies for managing congestion, focusing on combinational and targeted therapy.

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Conflict of Interest

Frederik Hendrik Verbrugge, Lars Grieten, and Wilfried Mullens declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600, Genk, Belgium

    Frederik Hendrik Verbrugge, Lars Grieten & Wilfried Mullens

  2. Doctoral School for Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium

    Frederik Hendrik Verbrugge

  3. Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium

    Lars Grieten & Wilfried Mullens

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  1. Frederik Hendrik Verbrugge
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Correspondence to Wilfried Mullens.

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Verbrugge, F.H., Grieten, L. & Mullens, W. New Insights into Combinational Drug Therapy to Manage Congestion in Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 11, 1–9 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-013-0174-4

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