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The Microbiome and Colorectal Neoplasia: Environmental Modifiers of Dysbiosis

Current Gastroenterology Reports volume 15, Article number: 346 (2013) Cite this article

Abstract

The etiology of colon cancer is complex, yet it is undoubtedly impacted by intestinal microbiota. Whether the contribution to colon carcinogenesis is generated through the presence of an overall dysbiosis or by specific pathogens is still a matter for debate. However, it is apparent that interactions between microbiota and the host are mediated by a variety of processes, including signaling cascades, the immune system, host metabolism, and regulation of gene transcription. To fully appreciate the role of microbiota in colon carcinogenesis, it will be necessary to expand efforts to define populations in niche environments, such as colonic crypts, explore cross talk between the host and the microbiota, and more completely define the metabolomic profile of the microbiota. These efforts must be pursued with appreciation that dietary substrates and other environmental modifiers mediate changes in the microbiota, as well as their metabolism and functional characteristics.

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Acknowledgment

Supported in part by USCP (HVM006-12 and R0002-11) and CDPB (PN 12-20) to N.D.T. and NIH U01CA162077 to R.S.C.

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Conflict of Interest

Nancy D. Turner, Lauren E. Ritchie, Robert S. Bresalier, and Robert S. Chapkin declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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  1. Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Disease, Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, and Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2253, USA

    N. D. Turner, L. E. Ritchie & R. S. Chapkin

  2. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030-4009, TX, USA

    R. S. Bresalier

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  1. N. D. Turner
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  2. L. E. Ritchie
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  3. R. S. Bresalier
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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Turner, N.D., Ritchie, L.E., Bresalier, R.S. et al. The Microbiome and Colorectal Neoplasia: Environmental Modifiers of Dysbiosis. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 15, 346 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-013-0346-0

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Keywords

  • Intestinal microbiota
  • Metabolism
  • Transcriptional regulation
  • Epigenetics
  • Diet