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The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study: 2018 Update

  • Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes (A Pugliese and SJ Richardson, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The environmental triggers of islet autoimmunity leading to type 1 diabetes (T1D) need to be elucidated to inform primary prevention. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study follows from birth 8676 children with T1D risk HLA-DR-DQ genotypes in the USA, Finland, Germany, and Sweden. Most study participants (89%) have no first-degree relative with T1D. The primary outcomes include the appearance of one or more persistent islet autoantibodies (islet autoimmunity, IA) and clinical T1D.

Recent Findings

As of February 28, 2018, 769 children had developed IA and 310 have progressed to T1D. Secondary outcomes include celiac disease and autoimmune thyroid disease. While the follow-up continues, TEDDY has already evaluated a number of candidate environmental triggers, including infections, probiotics, micronutrient, and microbiome.

Summary

TEDDY results suggest that there are multiple pathways leading to the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Ongoing measurements of further specific exposures, gene variants, and gene-environment interactions and detailed “omics” studies will provide novel information on the pathogenesis of T1D.

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Acknowledgements

The TEDDY Study Group (see Appendix)

Funding

The TEDDY Study is funded by U01 DK63829, U01 DK63861, U01 DK63821, U01 DK63865, U01 DK63863, U01 DK63836, U01 DK63790, UC4 DK63829, UC4 DK63861, UC4 DK63821, UC4 DK63865, UC4 DK63863, UC4 DK63836, UC4 DK95300, UC4 DK100238, UC4 DK106955, UC4 DK112243, UC4 DK117483, and Contract No. HHSN267200700014C from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and JDRF. This work supported in part by the NIH/NCATS Clinical and Translational Science Awards to the University of Florida (UL1 TR000064) and the University of Colorado (UL1 TR001082).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA

    Marian Rewers

  2. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Heikki Hyöty

  3. Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland

    Heikki Hyöty

  4. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/CRC, Skane University, Malmö, Sweden

    Åke Lernmark

  5. Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA

    William Hagopian

  6. Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA

    Jin-Xiong She

  7. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Desmond Schatz

  8. Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V. and Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany

    Anette-G Ziegler

  9. Institute of Biomedicine, Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Jorma Toppari

  10. Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

    Beena Akolkar

  11. National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Beena Akolkar

  12. Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

    Jeffrey Krischer

Authors
  1. Marian Rewers
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  2. Heikki Hyöty
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  3. Åke Lernmark
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  4. William Hagopian
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  5. Jin-Xiong She
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  6. Desmond Schatz
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  7. Anette-G Ziegler
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  8. Jorma Toppari
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  9. Beena Akolkar
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  10. Jeffrey Krischer
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Consortia

the TEDDY Study Group

  • Marian Rewers
  • , Kimberly Bautista
  • , Judith Baxter
  • , Daniel Felipe-Morales
  • , Kimberly Driscoll
  • , Brigitte I. Frohnert
  • , Marisa Gallant
  • , Patricia Gesualdo
  • , Michelle Hoffman
  • , Rachel Karban
  • , Edwin Liu
  • , Jill Norris
  • , Adela Samper-Imaz
  • , Andrea Steck
  • , Kathleen Waugh
  • , Hali Wright
  • , Jorma Toppari
  • , Olli G. Simell
  • , Annika Adamsson
  • , Suvi Ahonen
  • , Heikki Hyöty
  • , Jorma Ilonen
  • , Sanna Jokipuu
  • , Leena Karlsson
  • , Miia Kähönenμ
  • , Mikael Knip
  • , Mirva Koreasalo
  • , Kalle Kurppa
  • , Tiina Latva-ahoμ
  • , Maria Lönnrot
  • , Markus Mattila
  • , Elina Mäntymäki
  • , Katja Multasuoμ
  • , Tiina Niininen
  • , Sari Niinistö
  • , Mia Nyblom
  • , Sami Oikarinen
  • , Paula Ollikainenμ
  • , Petra Rajala
  • , Jenna Rautanen
  • , Anne Riikonen
  • , Minna Romo
  • , Suvi Ruohonen
  • , Juulia Rönkäμ
  • , Satu Simell
  • , Tuula Simell
  • , Maija Sjöberg
  • , Aino Steniusμ
  • , Sini Vainionpää
  • , Eeva Varjonen
  • , Riitta Veijola
  • , Suvi M. Virtanen
  • , Mari Vähä-Mäkilä
  • , Mari Åkerlund
  • , Katri Lindfors
  • , Jin-Xiong She
  • , Desmond Schatz
  • , Diane Hopkins
  • , Leigh Steed
  • , Jennifer Bryant
  • , Janey Adams
  • , Katherine Silvis
  • , Michael Haller
  • , Melissa Gardiner
  • , Richard McIndoe
  • , Ashok Sharma
  • , Stephen W. Anderson
  • , Laura Jacobsen
  • , John Marks
  • , Anette G. Ziegler
  • , Andreas Beyerlein
  • , Ezio Bonifacio
  • , Anita Gavrisan
  • , Cigdem Gezginci
  • , Anja Heublein
  • , Michael Hummel
  • , Sandra Hummel
  • , Andrea Keimer
  • , Annette Knopff
  • , Charlotte Koch
  • , Sibylle Koletzko
  • , Claudia Ramminger
  • , Roswith Roth
  • , Marlon Scholz
  • , Joanna Stock
  • , Katharina Warncke
  • , Lorena Wendel
  • , Christiane Winkler
  • , Åke Lernmark
  • , Daniel Agardh
  • , Carin Andrén Aronsson
  • , Maria Ask
  • , Jenny Bremer
  • , Ulla-Marie Carlsson
  • , Corrado Cilio
  • , Emelie Ericson-Hallström
  • , Annika Fors
  • , Lina Fransson
  • , Thomas Gard
  • , Rasmus Bennet
  • , Carina Hansson
  • , Susanne Hyberg
  • , Hanna Jisser
  • , Fredrik Johansen
  • , Berglind Jonsdottir
  • , Silvija Jovic
  • , Helena Elding Larsson
  • , Marielle Lindström
  • , Markus Lundgren
  • , Maria Månsson-Martinez
  • , Maria Markan
  • , Jessica Melin
  • , Zeliha Mestan
  • , Caroline Nilsson
  • , Karin Ottosson
  • , Kobra Rahmati
  • , Anita Ramelius
  • , Falastin Salami
  • , Sara Sibthorpe
  • , Anette Sjöberg
  • , Birgitta Sjöberg
  • , Carina Törn
  • , Anne Wallin
  • , Åsa Wimar
  • , Sofie Åberg
  • , William A. Hagopian
  • , Michael Killian
  • , Claire Cowen Crouch
  • , Jennifer Skidmore
  • , Ashley Akramoff
  • , Jana Banjanin
  • , Masumeh Chavoshi
  • , Kayleen Dunson
  • , Rachel Hervey
  • , Rachel Lyons
  • , Arlene Meyer
  • , Denise Mulenga
  • , Jared Radtke
  • , Davey Schmitt
  • , Julie Schwabe
  • , Sarah Zink
  • , Dorothy Becker
  • , Margaret Franciscus
  • , MaryEllen Dalmagro-Elias Smith
  • , Ashi Daftary
  • , Mary Beth Klein
  • , Chrystal Yates
  • , Jeffrey P. Krischer
  • , Sarah Austin-Gonzalez
  • , Maryouri Avendano
  • , Sandra Baethke
  • , Rasheedah Brown
  • , Brant Burkhardt
  • , Martha Butterworth
  • , Joanna Clasen
  • , David Cuthbertson
  • , Christopher Eberhard
  • , Steven Fiske
  • , Dena Garcia
  • , Jennifer Garmeson
  • , Veena Gowda
  • , Kathleen Heyman
  • , Belinda Hsiao
  • , Francisco Perez Laras
  • , Hye-Seung Lee
  • , Shu Liu
  • , Xiang Liu
  • , Kristian Lynch
  • , Colleen Maguire
  • , Jamie Malloy
  • , Cristina McCarthy
  • , Aubrie Merrell
  • , Steven Meulemans
  • , Hemang Parikh
  • , Ryan Quigley
  • , Cassandra Remedios
  • , Chris Shaffer
  • , Laura Smith
  • , Susan Smith
  • , Noah Sulman
  • , Roy Tamura
  • , Ulla Uusitalo
  • , Kendra Vehik
  • , Ponni Vijayakandipan
  • , Keith Wood
  • , Jimin Yang
  • , Michael Abbondondolo
  • , Lori Ballard
  • , David Hadley
  • , Wendy McLeod
  • , Beena Akolkar
  • , Kasia Bourcier
  • , Thomas Briese
  • , Suzanne Bennett Johnson
  • , Eric Triplett
  • , Liping Yu
  • , Dongmei Miao
  • , Polly Bingley
  • , Alistair Williams
  • , Kyla Chandler
  • , Olivia Ball
  • , Ilana Kelland
  • , Sian Grace
  • , Ben Gillard
  • , Elisabeth Aardal Eriksson
  • , Ing-Marie Lundgren
  • , Ewa Lönn Karlsson
  • , Dzeneta Nezirevic Dernroth
  • , Iris Erlund
  • , Irma Salminen
  • , Jouko Sundvall
  • , Nina Kangas
  • , Petra Arohonka
  • , Randie R. Little
  • , Curt Rohlfing
  • , William Hagopian
  • , Henry Erlich
  • , Steven J. Mack
  • , Anna Lisa Fear
  • , Oliver Fiehn
  • , Bill Wikoff
  • , Brian Defelice
  • , Dmitry Grapov
  • , Tobias Kind
  • , Mine Palazoglu
  • , Luis Valdiviez
  • , Benjamin Wancewicz
  • , Gert Wohlgemuth
  • , Joyce Wong
  • , Joseph F. Petrosino
  • , Nadim J. Ajami
  • , Richard E. Lloyd
  • , Matthew C. Ross
  • , Jacqueline L. O’Brien
  • , Diane S. Hutchinson
  • , Daniel P. Smith
  • , Matthew C. Wong
  • , Xianjun Tian
  • , Tulin Ayvaz
  • , Auriole Tamegnon
  • , Nguyen Truong
  • , Hannah Moreno
  • , Lauren Riley
  • , Eduardo Moreno
  • , Tonya Bauch
  • , Lenka Kusic
  • , Ginger Metcalf
  • , Donna Muzny
  • , HarshaVArdhan Doddapaneni
  • , Richard Gibbs
  • , Santica M. Marcovina
  • , Vinod P. Gaur
  • , Richard D. Smith
  • , Thomas O. Metz
  • , Charles Ansong
  • , Bobbie-Jo Webb-Robertson
  • , Hugh D. Mitchell
  • , Ernesto S. Nakayasu
  • , Wei-Jun Qian
  • , Sandra Ke
  • , Niveen Mulholland
  • , Haitao Liu
  • , John Nechtman
  • , Yansheng Zhao
  • , Na Jiang
  • , Yanna Tian
  • , Guangkuo Dong
  • , Stephen S. Rich
  • , Wei-Min Chen
  • , Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
  • , Emily Farber
  • , Rebecca Roche Pickin
  • , Jonathan Davis
  • , Jordan Davis
  • , Dan Gallo
  • , Jessica Bonnie
  • , Paul Campolieto
  • , William E. Winter
  •  & David L. Pittman

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marian Rewers.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Marian Rewers, William Hagopian, Jin-Xiong She, Desmond Schatz, Anette-G Ziegler, Beena Akolkar, and Jeffrey Krischer declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Heikki Hyöty reports grants from National Institute of Health (NIH) to carry out the TEDDY study; and being a Shareholder and member of the board of Vactech Ltd., which develops vaccines against picornaviruses.

Ake Lernmark is a Member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Diamyd Medical AB, Stockholm, Sweden.

Jorma Toppari reports grants from NIH/NIDDK.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. The TEDDY study was approved by local institutional review or ethics boards at each site (University of Washington, Seattle; University of Colorado; Medical College of Georgia, Augusta; University of South Florida, Tampa; University of Turku, Finland; Technische Universitat, Munich, Germany; Lund University, Malmo, Sweden) and is monitored by an External Evaluation Committee formed by the National Institutes of Health.

Additional information

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes

Appendix: TEDDY Study Acknowledgments

Appendix: TEDDY Study Acknowledgments

The TEDDY Study Group

Colorado Clinical Center: Marian Rewers, M.D., Ph.D., PI1,4,5,6,10,11, Kimberly Bautista12, Judith Baxter9,10,12,15, Daniel Felipe-Morales, Kimberly Driscoll, Ph.D.9, Brigitte I. Frohnert, M.D.2,14, Marisa Gallant, M.D.13, Patricia Gesualdo2,6,12,14,15, Michelle Hoffman12,13,14, Rachel Karban12, Edwin Liu, M.D.13, Jill Norris, Ph.D.2,3,12, Adela Samper-Imaz, Andrea Steck, M.D.3,14, Kathleen Waugh6,7,12,15, Hali Wright12. University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes.

Finland Clinical Center: Jorma Toppari, M.D., Ph.D., PI¥^1,4,11,14, Olli G. Simell, M.D., Ph.D., Annika Adamsson, Ph.D.^12, Suvi Ahonen*±§, Heikki Hyöty, M.D., Ph.D.*±6, Jorma Ilonen, M.D., Ph.D.¥¶3, Sanna Jokipuu^, Leena Karlsson^, Miia Kähönenμ¤, Mikael Knip, M.D., Ph.D.*±5, Mirva Koreasalo*±§2, Kalle Kurppa, M.D., Ph.D.*±13, Tiina Latva-ahoμ¤, Maria Lönnrot, M.D., Ph.D.*±6, Markus Mattila*, Elina Mäntymäki^, Katja Multasuoμ¤, Tiina Niininen±*12, Sari Niinistö±§2, Mia Nyblom*±, Sami Oikarinen, Ph.D.*±, Paula Ollikainenμ¤, Petra Rajala^, Jenna Rautanen±§, Anne Riikonen*±§, Minna Romo^, Suvi Ruohonen^, Juulia Rönkäμ¤, Satu Simell, M.D., Ph.D.¥13, Tuula Simell, Ph.D.¥12, Maija Sjöberg¥^12,14, Aino Steniusμ¤12, Sini Vainionpää^, Eeva Varjonen¥^12, Riitta Veijola, M.D., Ph.D.μ¤14, Suvi M. Virtanen, M.D., Ph.D.*±§2, Mari Vähä-Mäkilä^, Mari Åkerlund*±§, Katri Lindfors, Ph.D.*13 ¥University of Turku, *University of Tampere, μUniversity of Oulu, ^Turku University Hospital, Hospital District of Southwest Finland, ±Tampere University Hospital, ¤Oulu University Hospital, §National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland, University of Kuopio.

Georgia/Florida Clinical Center: Jin-Xiong She, Ph.D., PI1,3,4,11, Desmond Schatz, M.D.*4,5,7,8, Diane Hopkins12, Leigh Steed12,13,14,15, Jennifer Bryant, Janey Adams*12, Katherine Silvis2, Michael Haller, M.D.*14, Melissa Gardiner, Richard McIndoe, Ph.D., Ashok Sharma, Stephen W. Anderson, M.D.^, Laura Jacobsen, M.D.*14, John Marks, DHSc.*14, P.D. Towe*. Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University. *University of Florida, ^Pediatric Endocrine Associates, Atlanta.

Germany Clinical Center: Anette G. Ziegler, M.D., PI1,3,4,11, Andreas Beyerlein, Ph.D.2, Ezio Bonifacio Ph.D.*5, Anita Gavrisan, Cigdem Gezginci, Anja Heublein, Michael Hummel, M.D.13, Sandra Hummel, Ph.D.2, Andrea Keimer2, Annette Knopff7, Charlotte Koch, Sibylle Koletzko, M.D.¶13, Claudia Ramminger, Roswith Roth, Ph.D.9, Marlon Scholz, Joanna Stock9,12,14, Katharina Warncke, M.D.14, Lorena Wendel, Christiane Winkler, Ph.D.2,12,15. Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V. and Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Forschergruppe Diabetes, and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München. *Center for Regenerative Therapies, TU Dresden, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Ludwig Maximillians University Munich.

Sweden Clinical Center: Åke Lernmark, Ph.D., PI1,3,4,5,6,8,10,11,15, Daniel Agardh, M.D., Ph.D.13, Carin Andrén Aronsson, Ph.D.2,12,13, Maria Ask, Jenny Bremer, Ulla-Marie Carlsson, Corrado Cilio, Ph.D., M.D.5, Emelie Ericson-Hallström, Annika Fors, Lina Fransson, Thomas Gard, Rasmus Bennet, Carina Hansson, Susanne Hyberg, Hanna Jisser, Fredrik Johansen, Berglind Jonsdottir, M.D., Ph.D., Silvija Jovic, Helena Elding Larsson, M.D., Ph.D. 6,14, Marielle Lindström, Markus Lundgren, M.D., Ph.D.14, Maria Månsson-Martinez, Maria Markan, Jessica Melin12, Zeliha Mestan, Caroline Nilsson, Karin Ottosson, Kobra Rahmati, Anita Ramelius, Falastin Salami, Sara Sibthorpe, Anette Sjöberg, Birgitta Sjöberg, Carina Törn, Ph.D. 3,15, Anne Wallin, Åsa Wimar14, Sofie Åberg. Lund University.

Washington Clinical Center: William A. Hagopian, M.D., Ph.D., PI1,3,4, 5, 6,7,11,13, 14, Michael Killian6,7,12,13, Claire Cowen Crouch12,14,15, Jennifer Skidmore2, Ashley Akramoff, Jana Banjanin, Masumeh Chavoshi, Kayleen Dunson, Rachel Hervey, Rachel Lyons, Arlene Meyer, Denise Mulenga, Jared Radtke, Davey Schmitt, Julie Schwabe, Sarah Zink. Pacific Northwest Research Institute.

Pennsylvania Satellite Center: Dorothy Becker, M.D., Margaret Franciscus, MaryEllen Dalmagro-Elias Smith2, Ashi Daftary, M.D., Mary Beth Klein, Chrystal Yates. Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC.

Data Coordinating Center: Jeffrey P. Krischer, Ph.D.,PI1,4,5,10,11, Sarah Austin-Gonzalez, Maryouri Avendano, Sandra Baethke, Rasheedah Brown12,15, Brant Burkhardt, Ph.D.5,6, Martha Butterworth2, Joanna Clasen, David Cuthbertson, Christopher Eberhard, Steven Fiske9, Dena Garcia, Jennifer Garmeson, Veena Gowda, Kathleen Heyman, Belinda Hsiao, Francisco Perez Laras, Hye-Seung Lee, Ph.D.1,2,13,15, Shu Liu, Xiang Liu, Ph.D.2,3,9,14, Kristian Lynch, Ph.D. 5,6,9,15, Colleen Maguire, Jamie Malloy, Cristina McCarthy12,15, Aubrie Merrell, Steven Meulemans, Hemang Parikh, Ph.D.3, Ryan Quigley, Cassandra Remedios, Chris Shaffer, Laura Smith, Ph.D.9,12, Susan Smith12,15, Noah Sulman, Ph.D., Roy Tamura, Ph.D.1,2,13, Ulla Uusitalo, Ph.D.2,15, Kendra Vehik, Ph.D.4,5,6,14,15, Ponni Vijayakandipan, Keith Wood, Jimin Yang, Ph.D., R.D.2,15. Past staff: Michael Abbondondolo, Lori Ballard, David Hadley, Ph.D., Wendy McLeod. University of South Florida.

Project scientist: Beena Akolkar, Ph.D.1,3,4,5,6,7,10,11. National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Other contributors: Kasia Bourcier, Ph.D.5, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Thomas Briese, Ph.D.6,15, Columbia University. Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Ph.D.9,12, Florida State University. Eric Triplett, Ph.D.6, University of Florida.

Committees:

1Ancillary Studies, 2Diet, 3Genetics, 4Human Subjects/Publicity/Publications, 5Immune Markers, 6Infectious Agents, 7Laboratory Implementation, 8Maternal Studies, 9Psychosocial, 10Quality Assurance, 11Steering, 12Study Coordinators, 13Celiac Disease, 14Clinical Implementation, 15Quality Assurance Subcommittee on Data Quality.

Teddy Study Group: Affiliated Laboratories

Laboratory personnel should be copied-and-pasted for inclusion in the TEDDY Study Group Appendix on relevant manuscripts. Please review the labs below to determine which locations should be included in your manuscript’s Acknowledgements. (The Repository should be included for any manuscript referring to lab data.)

Autoantibody Reference Laboratories: Liping Yu, M.D.^5, Dongmei Miao, M.D.^, Polly Bingley, M.D., FRCP*5, Alistair Williams*, Kyla Chandler*, Olivia Ball*, Ilana Kelland*, Sian Grace*, Ben Gillard*. ^Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, *Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol UK.

Cortisol Laboratory: Elisabeth Aardal Eriksson, M.D., Ph.D., Ing-Marie Lundgren, Ewa Lönn Karlsson, Dzeneta Nezirevic Dernroth, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.

Dietary Biomarkers Laboratory: Iris Erlund, Ph.D.2, Irma Salminen, Jouko Sundvall, Nina Kangas, Petra Arohonka. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.

HbA1c Laboratory: Randie R. Little, Ph.D., Curt Rohlfing. Diabetes Diagnostic Laboratory, Dept. of Pathology, University of Missouri School of Medicine.

HLA Reference Laboratory: William Hagopian3, MD, PhD, Masumeh Chavoshi, Jared Radtke, Julie Schwabe. Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle WA. (Previously Henry Erlich, Ph.D.3, Steven J. Mack, Ph.D., Anna Lisa Fear. Center for Genetics, Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute.)

Metabolomics Laboratory: Oliver Fiehn, Ph.D., Bill Wikoff, Ph.D., Brian Defelice, Dmitry Grapov, Ph.D., Tobias Kind, Ph.D., Mine Palazoglu, Luis Valdiviez, Benjamin Wancewicz, Gert Wohlgemuth, Joyce Wong. UC Davis Metabolomics Center.

Metagenomics and Microbiome Laboratory: Joseph F. Petrosino, Ph.D.6*, Nadim J. Ajami, Ph.D.*, Richard E. Lloyd, Ph.D.6*, Matthew C. Ross, Ph.D.*, Jacqueline L. O’Brien, Ph.D.*, Diane S. Hutchinson, Ph.D.*, Daniel P. Smith, Ph.D.*, Matthew C. Wong*, Xianjun Tian, Ph.D.*, Tulin Ayvaz*, Auriole Tamegnon*, Nguyen Truong*, Hannah Moreno*, Lauren Riley*, Eduardo Moreno*, Tonya Bauch*, Lenka Kusic*, Ginger Metcalf^, Donna Muzny^, HarshaVArdhan Doddapaneni, Ph.D.^, Richard Gibbs, Ph.D.^. *Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, ^Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine.

OGTT Laboratory: Santica M. Marcovina, Ph.D., Sc.D., Vinod P. Gaur, Ph.D., Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington.

Proteomics Laboratory: Richard D. Smith, Ph.D., Thomas O. Metz, Ph.D., Charles Ansong, Ph.D., Bobbie-Jo Webb-Robertson, Ph.D., Hugh D. Mitchell, Ph.D., Ernesto S. Nakayasu, Ph.D., and Wei-Jun Qian, Ph.D. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

Repository: Sandra Ke, Niveen Mulholland, Ph.D. NIDDK Biosample Repository at Fisher BioServices.

RNA Laboratory and Gene Expression Laboratory: Jin-Xiong She, Ph.D., PI1,3,4,11, Richard McIndoe, Ph.D., Haitao Liu, M.D., John Nechtman, Yansheng Zhao, Na Jiang, M.D., Yanna Tian, M.S. Guangkuo Dong, M.S. Jinfiniti Biotech, LLC.

SNP Laboratory: Stephen S. Rich, Ph.D.3, Wei-Min Chen, Ph.D.3, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Ph.D.3, Emily Farber, Rebecca Roche Pickin, Ph.D., Jonathan Davis, Jordan Davis, Dan Gallo, Jessica Bonnie, Paul Campolieto. Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia.

Thyroid Laboratory: William E. Winter, M.D., David L. Pittman. UF Health Pathology Laboratories’ Endocrinology Laboratory, University of Florida.

Committees:

1Ancillary Studies, 2Diet, 3Genetics, 4Human Subjects/Publicity/Publications, 5Immune Markers, 6Infectious Agents, 7Laboratory Implementation, 8Maternal Studies, 9Psychosocial, 10Quality Assurance, 11Steering, 12Study Coordinators, 13Celiac Disease, 14Clinical Implementation, 15Quality Assurance Subcommittee on Data Quality.

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Rewers, M., Hyöty, H., Lernmark, Å. et al. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study: 2018 Update. Curr Diab Rep 18, 136 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-018-1113-2

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