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Tolerogenic Nanoparticles to Treat Islet Autoimmunity

  • Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes (A Pugliese, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The current standard therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) is insulin replacement. Autoimmune diseases are typically treated with broad immunosuppression, but this has multiple disadvantages. Induction of antigen-specific tolerance is preferable. The application of nanomedicine to the problem of T1D can take different forms, but one promising way is the development of tolerogenic nanoparticles, the aim of which is to mitigate the islet-destroying autoimmunity. We review the topic and highlight recent strategies to produce tolerogenic nanoparticles for the purpose of treating T1D.

Recent Findings

Several groups are making progress in applying tolerogenic nanoparticles to rodent models of T1D, while others are using nanotechnology to aid other potential T1D treatments such as islet transplant and islet encapsulation.

Summary

The strategies behind how nanoparticles achieve tolerance are varied. It is likely the future will see even greater diversity in tolerance induction strategies as well as a greater focus on how to translate this technology from preclinical use in mice to treatment of T1D in humans.

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  1. Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 6-713 Tarry Building, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Tobias Neef & Stephen D. Miller

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Tobias Neef declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Stephen D. Miller reports grants and personal fees from Cour Pharmaceutical Development Co. In addition, Dr. Miller has a patent US 14/410,011 issued.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes

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Neef, T., Miller, S.D. Tolerogenic Nanoparticles to Treat Islet Autoimmunity. Curr Diab Rep 17, 84 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0914-z

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