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Metabolic Consequences of Sleep and Circadian Disorders

Current Diabetes Reports volume 14, Article number: 507 (2014) Cite this article

Abstract

Sleep and circadian rhythms modulate or control daily physiological patterns with importance for normal metabolic health. Sleep deficiencies associated with insufficient sleep schedules, insomnia with short-sleep duration, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, circadian misalignment, shift work, night eating syndrome, and sleep-related eating disorder may all contribute to metabolic dysregulation. Sleep deficiencies and circadian disruption associated with metabolic dysregulation may contribute to weight gain, obesity, and type 2 diabetes potentially by altering timing and amount of food intake, disrupting energy balance, inflammation, impairing glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity. Given the rapidly increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases, it is important to recognize the role of sleep and circadian disruption in the development, progression, and morbidity of metabolic disease. Some findings indicate sleep treatments and countermeasures improve metabolic health, but future clinical research investigating prevention and treatment of chronic metabolic disorders through treatment of sleep and circadian disruption is needed.

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Acknowledgments

Kenneth P. Wright Jr. has received grant support from the NIH R01 HL109706, R21 DK092624.

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Conflict of Interest

Christopher M. Depner and Ellen R. Stothard declare that they have no conflict of interest. Kenneth P. Wright Jr. has been a Past Chair Scientific Advisory Board—fatigue and maritime work schedules for Northwestern University American Waterways Project; Past Chair Scientific Advisory Board—company developed sleep monitoring system for the general public for Zeo, Inc.; past consultant for Takeda Pharmaceuticals; has received honoraria from the University of Chicago and Associated Professional Sleep Societies; payment from Potomac Center for Medical Education for shift work sleep disorders in hospitals; and has received grant support for Philips, Inc.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Affiliations

  1. Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 1725 Pleasant Street, Clare Small 114, Boulder, CO, 80309-0354, USA

    Christopher M. Depner, Ellen R. Stothard & Kenneth P. Wright Jr.

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA

    Kenneth P. Wright Jr.

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  1. Christopher M. Depner
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  2. Ellen R. Stothard
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  3. Kenneth P. Wright Jr.
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Correspondence to Kenneth P. Wright Jr..

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Macrovascular Complications in Diabetes

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Depner, C.M., Stothard, E.R. & Wright, K.P. Metabolic Consequences of Sleep and Circadian Disorders. Curr Diab Rep 14, 507 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-014-0507-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-014-0507-z

Keywords

  • Sleep
  • Circadian misalignment
  • Insufficient sleep
  • Sleep deficiency
  • Insulin sensitivity
  • Energy balance
  • Shift work
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Metabolic syndrome
  • Obesity
  • Glucose tolerance
  • Circadian disruption
  • Sleep apnea
  • Circadian disorders
  • Metabolic consequences