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Gender Disparities in Presentation, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction

  • Ischemic Heart Disease (D Mukherjee, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Cardiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review provides updates in gender disparities in the symptom profile, risk factors, quality and timeliness of guideline-based medical care, and clinical outcomes, including mortality, bleeding, and vascular complications, in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Recent Findings

While AMI continues to be a leading cause of mortality in both men and women, significant gender differences exist in presentation, management, and outcomes. Women with AMI are older, suffer atypical symptoms, and more often present with HF and cardiogenic shock. Delays in medical care and hence longer ischemic times exist in women, partly due to decreased awareness and lack of symptom recognition. Women continue to be less likely to receive guideline-based pharmacological therapies and revascularization than men with AMI. While women suffer from significantly higher risk-adjusted rates of bleeding, vascular complications, and short-term mortality, the risk-adjusted rates of long-term mortality remain similar between men and women. Further investigations and efforts are needed to aggressively modify risk factors, reduce delays in care, and address the higher rates of adverse events seen in women with AMI.

Summary

Significant sex disparities are prevalent in presentation, management, and outcomes of adults with AMI. Further investigations and efforts are needed to aggressively modify risk factors, reduce delays in care, and address the higher rates of adverse events seen in women with AMI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Matthew Liakos & Puja B. Parikh

  2. Health Sciences Center T16-080, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA

    Puja B. Parikh

Authors
  1. Matthew Liakos
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  2. Puja B. Parikh
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Correspondence to Puja B. Parikh.

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Matthew Liakos and Puja B. Parikh declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Ischemic Heart Disease

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Liakos, M., Parikh, P.B. Gender Disparities in Presentation, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Curr Cardiol Rep 20, 64 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-018-1006-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-018-1006-7

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