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Where Does Inflammation Fit?

  • Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes (AS Jaffe, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Cardiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review focuses on the complex relationship between inflammation and the onset of acute coronary syndrome and heart failure.

Recent Findings

In the last few years, two important lines of research brought new and essential information to light in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome: a) the understanding of the immune mediate mechanisms of inflammation in Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and b) evidence that the inflammatory mechanisms associated with atherosclerosis and its complications can be modulated by anti-inflammatory molecules. A large amount of data also suggests that inflammation is a major component in the development and exacerbation of heart failure (HF), in a symbiotic relationship. In particular, recent evidence underlies peculiar aspects of the phenomenon: oxidative stress and autophagy; DAMPS and TLR-4 signaling activation; different macrophages lineage and the contribution of NLRP-3 inflammasome; adaptive immune system. A possible explanation that could unify the pathogenic mechanism of these different conditions is the rising evidence that increased bowel permeability may allow translation of gut microbioma product into the circulation.

Summary

These findings clearly establish the role of inflammation as the great trigger for two of the major cardiovascular causes of death and morbidity. Further studies are needed, to better clarify the issue and to define more targeted approaches to reduce pathological inflammation while preserving the physiological one.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy

    Luigi M. Biasucci, Giulio La Rosa, Daniela Pedicino, Alessia D’Aiello, Mattia Galli & Giovanna Liuzzo

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  1. Luigi M. Biasucci
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  2. Giulio La Rosa
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  3. Daniela Pedicino
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  4. Alessia D’Aiello
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  5. Mattia Galli
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  6. Giovanna Liuzzo
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Correspondence to Luigi M. Biasucci.

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Conflict of Interest

Luigi M. Biasucci is a recipient of a research grant from Astra-Zeneca and fees for speeches from Siemens, Bayer, and Novartis.

Giulio La Rosa, Daniela Pedicino, Alessia D’Aiello, Mattia Galli, and Giovanna Liuzzo declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Luigi M. Biasucci and Giulio La Rosa equally contributed to the manuscript

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes

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Biasucci, L.M., La Rosa, G., Pedicino, D. et al. Where Does Inflammation Fit?. Curr Cardiol Rep 19, 84 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-017-0896-0

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