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Can Surrogate Markers Help Define Cardiovascular Disease in Youth?

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Non-invasive measurements such as arterial stiffness serve as proxy surrogates for detection of early atherosclerosis and ASCVD risk stratification. These surrogate measurements are influenced by age, gender, and ethnicity and affected by the physiological changes of puberty and somatic growth in children and adolescents.

Recent Findings

There is no consensus of the ideal method to measure surrogate markers in youth (< 18 years of age), nor standardized imaging protocols for youth. Currently, pediatric normative data are available but not generalizable.

Summary of the Review

In this review, we provide rationale on how currently used surrogates can help identify subclinical atherosclerosis in youth and affirm their role in identifying youth at risk for premature CVD.

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Brar, P.C. Can Surrogate Markers Help Define Cardiovascular Disease in Youth?. Curr Atheroscler Rep 25, 275–298 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-023-01101-6

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