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Minimally Invasive Approaches to Diagnose and Monitor Eosinophilic GI Diseases

  • Review
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review seeks to understand novel avenues for eosinophilic GI disease management. Biomarkers offer a unique and non-invasive approach to tracking EoE disease progression. While no biomarkers have definitively met the diagnostic criteria for eosinophilic GI diseases, some biomarkers have been shown to be associated with disease activity. Here, we examine the potential of recently studied biomarkers.

Recent Findings

Current research shows advancements in blood, luminal fluid, and breath testing. Particular areas of interest include mRNA analyses, protein fingerprinting, amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), T cells and IgE receptors, eosinophilic cationic proteins, cytokines, and nitric oxide exhalation.

Summary

Preliminary results showed that mucosal biomarkers, directly captured from the esophagus, may reflect the best representation of biopsy-based results, in contrast to biomarkers obtained from indirect or peripheral (blood, breath) methods. However, this is based on limited clinical studies without sufficient numbers to evaluate true diagnostic accuracy. Large-scale randomized trials are needed to fully ascertain both the optimal sampling technique and the specific biomarkers that reflect diagnostic status of the disease.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Silverman Chair in Pediatrics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA

    Ellie J. M. Furuta

  2. Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Glenn T. Furuta

  3. Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA

    Glenn T. Furuta

  4. Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver|Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    Robin Shandas

Authors
  1. Ellie J. M. Furuta
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  2. Glenn T. Furuta
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  3. Robin Shandas
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All authors contributed to the conception, writing and reviewing this manuscript

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Correspondence to Glenn T. Furuta.

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Conflict of Interest

EJMF declares no competing interests. GTF is the Chief Medical Officer of EnteroTrack. RS is the Chief Executive Officer of EnteroTrack.

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All reported studies/experiments involving human or animal subjects performed by the authors were in accordance with the ethical standards of institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Furuta, E.J.M., Furuta, G.T. & Shandas, R. Minimally Invasive Approaches to Diagnose and Monitor Eosinophilic GI Diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-024-01142-0

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