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Latitude, Sunlight, Vitamin D, and Childhood Food Allergy/Anaphylaxis

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports volume 12, pages 64–71 (2012)Cite this article

Abstract

Vitamin D is widely known for its role in bone metabolism, but this sterol hormone also has important immunomodulatory properties. Vitamin D is produced by the conversion of D3 in the skin following UVB exposure, or after ingestion of D2 or D3. At the extremes of latitude, there is insufficient UVB intensity in the autumn and winter months for adequate synthesis of vitamin D to occur. Growing evidence implicates vitamin D deficiency in early life in the pathogenesis of nonskeletal disorders (e. g., type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis) and, more recently, atopic disorders. Several studies have reported higher rates of food allergy/anaphylaxis or proxy measures at higher absolute latitudes. Although causality remains to be determined, these studies suggest a possible role for sunlight and/or vitamin D in the pathogenesis of food allergy/anaphylaxis.

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Disclosure

Dr. Mullins has received unrestricted investigator-initiated grants from Commonwealth Serum Laboratories Australia and Alphapharm Australia, Abbott Nutrition Australia, and the Ilhan Food Allergy Foundation.

Dr. Camargo has received investigator-initiated research grants from and served as a consultant for Dey Pharma and Sanofi-Aventis. Study sponsors had no input into the contents of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia

    Raymond James Mullins

  2. Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia

    Raymond James Mullins

  3. Clinical Immunology and Allergy, John James Medical Centre, Suite 1, 175 Strickland Crescent, Deakin, ACT, 2600, Australia

    Raymond James Mullins

  4. Department of Emergency Medicine and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Carlos A. Camargo Jr

  5. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Carlos A. Camargo Jr

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Mullins, R.J., Camargo, C.A. Latitude, Sunlight, Vitamin D, and Childhood Food Allergy/Anaphylaxis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 12, 64–71 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-011-0230-7

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Keywords

  • Food allergy
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Children
  • Sunlight
  • Vitamin D
  • Pathogenesis
  • Latitude