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Acute Myeloid Leukemia Mutations and Future Mechanistic Target to Overcome Resistance

  • Leukemia (PH Wiernik, Section Editor)
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Opinion statement

Cytogenetics and mutation identification in acute myeloid leukemia have allowed for more targeted therapy. Many therapies have been approved by the FDA in the last 3 years including gilteritinib and azacitidine but the overall survival has remained stagnant at 25%. The inability to achieve complete remission was related to the residual leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Thus, the relationship between bone marrow niche and LSCs must be further explored to prevent treatment relapse/resistance. The development of immunotherapy and nanotechnology may play a role in future therapy to achieve the complete remission. Nano-encapsulation of drugs can improve drugs’ bioavailability, help drugs evade resistance, and provide combination therapy directly to the cancer cells. Studies indicate targeting surface antigens such as CLL1 and CD123 using chimeric antibody receptor T cells can improve survival outcomes. Finally, new discoveries indicate that inhibiting integrin αvβ3 and acid ceramidase may prove to be efficacious.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA

    Rehan Uddin PharmD, Noureldian H. E. Darwish MD, PhD & Shaker A. Mousa PhD

  2. Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Noureldian H. E. Darwish MD, PhD

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Rehan Uddin declares that he has no conflict of interest. Noureldian H. E. Darwish declares that he has no conflict of interest. Shaker A. Mousa declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Uddin, R., Darwish, N.H.E. & Mousa, S.A. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Mutations and Future Mechanistic Target to Overcome Resistance. Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol. 22, 76 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-021-00880-x

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