Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Polycaprolactone grafting of cellulose nanocrystals in ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl

  • Material Science
  • Published:
Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences

Abstract

A polycaprolactone-grafted cellulose nanocrystal (PCL-g-CN) was prepared in ionic liquid and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A peak assigned to the carbonyl group appears at 1 730 cm−1 in the FT-IR of PCL-g-CN, which confirms that the grafting reaction is successfully completed. The morphologies of PCL-g-CNs still maintain rod-like structure according to the TEM images. XRD results show that the crystal type of the PCL-g-CNs changed from cellulose I to cellulose II. The reasons for crystal transition of CNs turn out to be combined effects of anion and cation in ionic liquid with CNs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Dufresne A. Processing of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with polysaccharide nanocrystals [J]. Molecules, 2010, 15(6): 4111–4128.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Youssef H, Lucian A L, Orlando J R. Cellulose nanocrystals: Chemistry, self-Assembly, and applications [J]. Chemical Reviews, 2010, 110(6): 3479–3500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Muhammad N, Man Z, Khalil M A B. Ionic liquid-A future solvent for the enhanced uses of wood biomass [J]. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 2012, 70(1–3): 125–133.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Swatloski R P, Spear S K, Holbrey J D, et al. Dissolution of cellose with ionic liquids [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2002, 124(18): 4974–4975.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kubisa P. Ionic liquids as solvents for polymerization processes-Progress and challenges [J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2009, 34(12): 1333–1347.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kubisa P. Application of ionic liquids as solvents for polymerization processes [J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2004, 29(1): 3–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Lu J, Yan F, Texter J. Advanced applications of ionic liquids in polymer science [J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2009, 34(5): 431–448.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Liu D T, Xia K F, Cai W H, et al. Investigations about dissolution of cellulose in the 1-allyl-3-alkylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids [J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2012, 87(2): 1058–1064.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Cai T, Yang G S, Zhang H H, et al. A new process for dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids [J]. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2012, 52(8): 1708–1714.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang H, Gurau G, Rogers R D. Ionic liquid processing of cellulose [J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2012, 41(4): 1519–1537.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Xu Q, Kennedy J F, Liu L J. An ionic liquid as reaction media in the ring opening graft polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone onto starch granules [J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2008, 72(1): 113–121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Xu Q, Wang Q R, Liu L J. Ring-opening graft polymerization of L-lactide onto starch granules in an ionic liquid [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008, 107(4): 2704–2713.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wilpiszewska K, Spychaj T. Ionic liquids: Media for starch dissolution, plasticization and modification [J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011, 86(2): 424–428.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kadokawa J, Takegawa A, Mine S, et al. Preparation of chitin nanowhiskers using an ionic liquid and their composite materials with poly(vinyl alcohol) [J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011, 84(4): 1408–1412.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Jaworska M M, Kozlecki T, Gorak A. Review of the application of ionic liquids as solvents for chitin [J]. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 2012, 32(2): 67–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Mine S, Izawa H, Kaneko Y, et al. Acetylation of alpha-chitin in ionic liquids [J]. Carbohydrate Research, 2009, 344(16): 2263–2265.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Gibril M E. Current status of applications of ionic liquid for cellulose dissolution and modifications: review [J]. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2012, 4(7): 3556–3571.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Barthel S, Heinze T. Acylation and carbanilation of cellulose in ionic liquids [J]. Green Chemistry, 2006, 8(3): 301–306.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Wu J, Zhang J, Zhang H, et al. Homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in a new ionic liquid [J]. Biomacromolecules, 2004, 5(2): 266–268.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Liu C F, Zhang A P, Li W Y, et al. Homogeneous modification of cellulose in ionic liquid with succinic anhydride using N-bromosuccinimide as a catalyst [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009, 57(5): 1814–1820.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Han J Q, Zhou C J, French A D, et al. Characterization of cellulose II nanoparticles regenerated from 1-butyl-3-methy-limidazolium chloride [J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2013, 94(2): 773–781.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu C F, Zhang A P, Li W Y, et al. Dissolution of cellulose in novel green solvent ionic liquids and its application [J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2009, 21(9): 1800–1806.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Liu C F, Sun R C, Zhang A P, et al. Homogeneous modification of sugarcane bagasse cellulose with succinic anhydride using a ionic liquid as reaction medium [J]. Carbohydrate Research, 2007, 342(7): 919–926.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Lin N, Huang J, Chang P R, et al. Preparation, modification, and application of starch nanocrystals in nanomaterials: A review [EB/OL]. [2012-08-13]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/573687.

  25. Lin N, Chen G J, Huang J, et al. Effects of polymer-grafted natural nanocrystals on the structure and mechanical properties of poly(1actic acid): A case of cellulose whisker-graft-polycaprolactone [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009, 113(5): 3417–3425.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Liu D G, Zhong T H, Chang P R, et al. Starch composites reinforced by bamboo cellulosic crystals [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101(7): 2529–2536.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Ren Q, Wu J, Zhang J, et al. Synthesis of 1-allyl-3-methy-limidazolium-based room-temperature ionic liquid and preliminary study of its dissolving cellulose [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2003, 1(3): 448–451.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang H, Wu J, Zhang J, et al. 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Room Temperature Ionic liquid: A new and powerful nonderivatizing solvent for cellulose [J]. Macromolecules, 2005, 38(20): 8272–8277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Pinkert A, Marsh K N, Pang S, et al. Ionic liquids and their interaction with cellulose [J]. Chemical Reviews, 2009, 109(12): 6712–6728.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Liu Z, Wang H, Li Z X, et al. Characterization of the regenerated cellulose films in ionic liquids and rheological properties of the solutions [J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2011, 128(1–2): 220–227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhu S, Wu Y, Chen Q, et al. Dissolution of cellulose with ionic liquids and its application: A mini-review [J]. Green Chemistry, 2006, 8(4): 325–327.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhao W, Chen H Z, Ma R Y. Structural characteristics of cellulose after dissolution and regeneration from the ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2007, 34(2): 138–141(Ch).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China

    Qing Huang & Jin Huang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China

    Qing Huang & Jin Huang

  3. BioProducts and Bioprocesses National Science Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada

    P. R. Chang

Authors
  1. Qing Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jin Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. P. R. Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jin Huang.

Additional information

Foundation item: Supported by Supporting Project of New Century Excellent Talents of Ministry of Education of China (NCET-11-0686), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Self-Determined and Innovative Research Funds of WUT 2012-Ia-006), ecoENERGY Innovation Initiative of Canada, Program of Energy Research and Development (PERD) of Canada, and State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology (201212)

Biography: HUANG Qing, female, Master, research direction: biomass nanocomposites.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Huang, Q., Huang, J. & Chang, P.R. Polycaprolactone grafting of cellulose nanocrystals in ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl. Wuhan Univ. J. Nat. Sci. 19, 117–122 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11859-014-0987-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11859-014-0987-3

Key words

CLC number

Search

Navigation