Abstract
Bali provides many potential coral-reef ecosystems as part of the coral triangle, such as the one in the Buleleng Regency. Coral reefs are essential ecosystems for the development of both regions and countries. However, without appropriate conservation efforts, their economic value will be decreased. This paper aims to assess coral-reef ecosystem services in the West Buleleng Conservation Zone (WBCZ), Bali, Indonesia. This research employs the travel cost method, effects on production, replacement cost, benefit transfer methods, and the contingency valuation method. The result of the study is the estimation of the total economic value of the coral-reef ecosystem services in WBCZ that consist of use values (direct, indirect, option) and non-use values (existence, bequest) with a total estimate of approximately US$ 12,114,408/year for the reef area or US$ 18,602/ha/year. This study can raise awareness and encourage people to sustainably manage and conserve coral-reef ecosystems.
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Acknowledgements
This paper has been written as part of a collaborative project of Program Penelitian Kolaborasi Indonesia (PPKI 2019) between Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Diponegoro, and Universitas Sebelas Maret. The authors also want to thank Yayasan Karang Lestari and Reef Seen Dive Resort as reefs management sites in Pemuteran; Benarifo Ahmada, and the MPPDAS fieldwork team 2019 for their help and support during the fieldwork and data collection, as well as to Yeni Inka, Farel Prayoga, and Kukuh Prasetya Kudamai for their encouragement during the writing process; and also anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper.
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Muh Aris Marfai (M.A.M.) and Rainey Windayati (R.W.) designed the study with input from Bachtiar W. Mutaqin (B.W.M.) and Evita Hanie Pangaribowo (E.H.P.). M.A.M., B.W.M., and R.W conducted fieldwork. Muhammad Helmi (M.H.) and Moh Gamal Rindarjono (M.G.R.) were responsible for spatial analysis data and the fieldwork’s organization. The manuscript was written by R.W. with contributions from all authors.
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Windayati, R., Mutaqin, B.W., Marfai, M.A. et al. Assessment of coral-reef ecosystem services in West Buleleng Conservation Zone, Bali, Indonesia. J Coast Conserv 26, 43 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00890-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00890-3