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Burden of anxiety and depression among hospitalized patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a nationwide analysis

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Abstract

Background and aim

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects patients both physically and mentally. Our study aimed to investigate the burden of psychiatric disorders in IBS patients.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National inpatient sample (NIS) from 2016 to 2019. We recruited patients admitted with a diagnosis of IBS and determined the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and suicide attempt/ideation.

Results

We found a total of 1,256,325 hospitalizations with a diagnosis of IBS. Among them, 478,515 (38.1%) had anxiety and 344,165 (27.4%) had depression. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders including anxiety (38.1% vs. 15.1%), depression (38.1% vs. 15.1%), bipolar disorder (5.22% vs. 2.38%), suicidal attempt/Ideation (3.22% vs. 2.38%), and eating disorder (0.32% vs. 0.08%) was significantly higher in IBS patient population when compared to general adult population (p < 0.001). Patients with IBS had greater odds of anxiety (AOR 2.88, 95% CI 2.85–2.91, P < 0.001), depression (AOR 2.16, 95% CI 2.14–2.19, P < 0.001) and suicidal attempt/ideation (AOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.88–2.00, P < 0.001) in comparison to general population. IBS subtypes including diarrhea-predominant, constipation-predominant and mixed type were independently associated with increased odds of anxiety, depression, and suicide attempt/ideation. Patients with IBS and a co-diagnosis of anxiety or depression had increased mean length of hospital stay by 0.48 (95% CI 0.43–0.52, P < 0.001) and 0.52 (95% CI 0.06–0.97, P < 0.03) days, respectively.

Conclusion

The presence of IBS is associated with an increased associated prevalence of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and suicide attempt/ideation.

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Data availability

The analysis is based on the National Inpatient sample, which is a publicly available database maintained by the Agency of Healthcare cost and utilization project. Data can be shared on request.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA

    Zahid Ijaz Tarar, Mustafa Gandhi & Samina Raza

  2. Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA

    Umer Farooq

  3. University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA

    Yousaf Zafar

  4. Department of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, USA

    Faisal Kamal

  5. Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Moosa F. Tarar

  6. Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, School of Medicine at Columbia, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Yezaz A. Ghouri

Authors
  1. Zahid Ijaz Tarar
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  2. Umer Farooq
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  3. Yousaf Zafar
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  4. Mustafa Gandhi
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  5. Samina Raza
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  6. Faisal Kamal
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  7. Moosa F. Tarar
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  8. Yezaz A. Ghouri
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Contributions

ZT, UF, FK, MG, YG: concept and design of the study, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results, writing of the manuscript, and final revision. MT, SR, YZ, RS: interpretation of results and manuscript writing. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zahid Ijaz Tarar.

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Tarar, Z.I., Farooq, U., Zafar, Y. et al. Burden of anxiety and depression among hospitalized patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a nationwide analysis. Ir J Med Sci 192, 2159–2166 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-022-03258-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-022-03258-6

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