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The role of maternal screening in diagnosing congenital cytomegalovirus infections in highly immune populations

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Abstract

Background

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most important infectious cause of central nervous system disease and hearing loss in children.

Aims

In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of maternal screening in early diagnosis of congenital infection in highly immune populations.

Methods

A total of 163 women were included in the study; 103 of the subjects were pregnant and were at full term. The other 60 women were not pregnant, and all were healthy.

Results

CMV IgG seropositivity among the pregnant and control groups was found to be 98.1 % (101/103) and 98.3 % (59/60), respectively, and high IgG avidity was found in all women who had IgG positivity. We did not find any primary CMV infection in the two groups. The recurrent infection rate was found to be 5.82 % in the pregnant group and 3.33 % in the control group. There were no significant differences between the pregnant and control women in terms of CMV excretion in urine samples (4.85 vs. 3.33 %, respectively; P = 1.000) or CMV-DNA presence in serum samples (1.94 vs. 0.0 %, respectively; P = 0.532). The presence of symptomatic infection was not observed in any of the 104 babies born from the 103 pregnancies.

Conclusions

According to our results, a maternal screening-based approach would be useful for only a very small group that is at risk of primary infection. Considering the cost of the scan, a routine maternal-based screening program is unadvisable in developing societies, but it is necessary for studies of different cohort groups and infectious diseases.

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Conflict of interest

None declared.

Ethical standard

This study was conducted after approval from the local ethics committee (Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey), and informed consent was obtained from the study subjects.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    F. Şahiner, A. Kubar & M. Yapar

  2. Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    M. Honca

  3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Y. Çekmez

  4. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    T. Honca

  5. Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    M. K. Fidanci

  6. Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    T. Purtuloğlu

Authors
  1. F. Şahiner
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  2. M. Honca
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  3. Y. Çekmez
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  4. A. Kubar
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  5. T. Honca
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  6. M. K. Fidanci
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  7. T. Purtuloğlu
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  8. M. Yapar
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Correspondence to F. Şahiner.

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Şahiner, F., Honca, M., Çekmez, Y. et al. The role of maternal screening in diagnosing congenital cytomegalovirus infections in highly immune populations. Ir J Med Sci 184, 475–481 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-014-1149-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-014-1149-5

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