Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The role of National Institutes of Health category IV prostatitis in accurately staging the newly diagnosed prostate cancer

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Irish Journal of Medical Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

It has been known that the National Institutes of Health category IV (NIH-IV) prostatitis increases the serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, the effect of NIH-IV prostatitis on tPSA levels, which are used for staging prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with PCa, has not been previously investigated.

Aim

To evaluate the effect of NIH-IV prostatitis on the tPSA which is used for staging PCa in patients with newly diagnosed PCa.

Method

A total of 198 patients in whom PCa was detected were included in the study. Group 1 included patients with only PCa, while Group 2 included patients with prostatitis and PCa. The tPSA levels of patients in Groups 1 and 2 were compared.

Results

A total of 120 (61 %) PCa (Group 1) and 78 (39 %) PCa + NIH-IV prostatitis (Group 2) patients were identified. The tPSA levels of 70 (58 %) patients in Group 1 and 22 (28 %) patients in Group 2 were at the interval of <20 ng/ml (the mean levels of tPSA: 11.8 ± 4.5 and 14.1 ± 3.3, respectively). The tPSA levels of 50 (42 %) patients in Group 1 and 56 (72 %) patients in Group 2 were within the range of ≥20 ng/ml (the mean levels of tPSA: 39.9 ± 31.0 and 47.0 ± 29.2, respectively). Within both the <20 ng/ml range and ≥20 ng/ml range, the mean tPSA value in Group 2 was found to be significantly higher than that of Group 1 (p = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively).

Conclusion

The existence of NIH-IV prostatitis together with cancer in patients with PCa significantly increases the tPSA level which is used in staging the PCa.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Stephan C, Jung K, Lein M et al (2000) Molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen and human kallikrein 2 as promising tools for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidem Biomarker Prev 9:1133–1147

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J et al (2012) Guidelines on prostate cancer. In: European association of urology guidelines, 2012 edn. Eur Assoc Urol, p 16

  3. Stancik I, Luftenegger W, Klimpfinger M, Muller MM, Hoeltl W (2004) Effect of NIH-IV prostatitis on free and free-to-total PSA. Eur Urol 46:760–764

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Tan JK, Png DJC, Liew LCH, Li MK, Wong ML (2002) Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in Singapore: a population-based study. Singap Med J 43(4):189–193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Nickel JC (2000) Prostatitis: lessons from the 20th century. BJU Int 85(2):179–184

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Carter HB, Allaf ME, Partin AW (2007) Diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, Peters CA (eds) Campbell-Walsh urology, 9th edn. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia

  7. Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, et al (2012) Guidelines on prostate cancer. In: European association of urology guidelines, 2012 edn. Eur Assoc Urol, pp 28–31

  8. MacLennan GT, Eisenberg R, Fleshman RL et al (2006) The ınfluence of chronic ınflammation in prostatic carcinogenesis:a five-year follow-up study. J Urol 176:1012–1016

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lee N, Fawaaz R, Olsson CA et al (2000) Which patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer need a radionuclide bone scan? An analysis based on 631 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol 48:1443–1446

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Partin AW, Mangold LA, Lamm DM et al (2001) Contemporary update of the prostate cancer staging nomograms (Partin Tables) for the new millennium. Urology 58(6):843–848

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Carver BS, Bozeman CB, Williams BJ, Venable DD (2003) The prevalance of men with national institutes of health category IV prostatitis and association with serum prostate specific antigen. J Urol 169:589–591

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Nickel JC, Downey J, Young I et al (1999) Asymptomatic inflammation and/or infection in benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int 84:976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Nadler RB, Collins MM, Propert KJ et al (2006) Prostate-specific antigen test in diagnostic evaluation of chronicprostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology 67:337–342

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Liotta RF, Tarantino ML, Melloni D (2008) Chronic prostatitis and PSA values. Urologia 75:102–104

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stephan C, Stroebel G, Heinau M et al (2005) The ratio of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to prostate volume (PSA density) as a parameter to improve the detection of prostate carcinoma in PSA values in the range of <4 ng/mL. Cancer 104(5):993–1003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ozden C, Ozdal OL, Guzel O et al (2007) The correlation between serum prostate specific antigen levels and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis. Int Urol Nephrol 39(3):859–863

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Zivkovic S (2004) Correlation between prostate-specific antigen and histopathological difference of prostate carcinoma. Arch Oncol 12(3):148–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinics of Urology, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Elazig, 23100, Turkey

    E. Aglamis

  2. Department of Urology, Inonu University Medical Faculty, Malatya, Turkey

    C. Tasdemir

  3. Clinics of Urology, Turkey High Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    C. Ceylan

Authors
  1. E. Aglamis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. Tasdemir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. C. Ceylan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. Aglamis.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Aglamis, E., Tasdemir, C. & Ceylan, C. The role of National Institutes of Health category IV prostatitis in accurately staging the newly diagnosed prostate cancer. Ir J Med Sci 182, 463–467 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-013-0914-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-013-0914-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation