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Experimental Investigation of TiO2 Pigment Production by Electrodialysis Process from Ilmenite Concentrate

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Abstract

A laboratory-scale setup has been developed for the electrodialysis (ED) of solutions containing titanium which were prepared from the leaching of ilmenite concentrate in concentrated sulfuric acid. The final product was high-purity TiO2 pigment. The operating parameters, including initial feed concentration (17–28 g/L−1 of titanium and 9–10.2 g/L−1 of iron), input voltage (30–60 V), and flow rate (70–220 mL/min−1) were evaluated during the ED process. Increasing the input voltage raised the recovery efficiency up to 91% with a feed concentration of 17 g/L−1 of titanium and a flow rate of 70 mL min−1. However, increasing the feed concentration enhanced the recovery efficiency up to 96%. The maximum current efficiency achieved was 20.37% at 60 Vs and feed concentrations of 17 g/L−1 of titanium and 9 g/L−1 of iron. The values of the cation transfer number for separating Fe2+ from solutions containing titanium are in the range of 0.72–0.81. The TiO2 pigment was produced by hydrolysis and calcination of the outlet solution. The produced pigments were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the produced TiO2 pigments are composed of the anatase phase as a major component with an average purity of 97%.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Iranian Mine and Mining Industries Development and Renovation Organization (IMIDRO) [Grant Number 21349, 2020].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA

    Amirhossein Meysami

  2. Materials Engineering Group, Golpayegan College of Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan, Iran

    Armin Golestani

  3. Kahnooj Titanium Project, Kahnooj, Iran

    Abdol Hossein Khangah

  4. Department of Mathematics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA

    Mohammad Meysami

  5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada

    Hassan Dehghanpour

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Meysami, A., Golestani, A., Khangah, A.H. et al. Experimental Investigation of TiO2 Pigment Production by Electrodialysis Process from Ilmenite Concentrate. JOM 75, 5176–5187 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-023-06185-8

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