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Leaching of Antimony from Stibnite Ore in KOH Solution for Sodium Pyroantimonate Production: Systematic Optimization and Kinetic Study

  • Thermodynamic Optimization of Critical Metals Processing and Recovery
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Abstract

This work aims to shed light on the leaching kinetics of antimony from stibnite ore in potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. Response surface methodology based on central composite design was used to investigate the effect of time, temperature, solid to liquid ratio (S/L), and KOH concentration as independent parameters on the leaching efficiency of antimony. According to the results, time shows the most significant effect on the leaching yield of antimony, followed by temperature. The optimum leaching condition was obtained at a KOH concentration of 0.5 mol/L, temperature of 25°C, S/L of 100 g/L, and time of 133 min, with an antimony leaching yield of 56.5%. Kinetic studies based on the shrinking core model illustrated that the diffusion process through the ash layer is the rate-limiting step, with an activation energy of 4.97 kJ mol−1. Finally, antimony was recovered from the leach liquor in the form of NaSb(OH)6. This study can pave the way for the development of new hydrometallurgical processes for antimony recovery from the sulfide minerals.

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Funding

The funding was provided by 13967070.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Tehran, Iran

    Mahdi Zekavat, Hossein Yoozbashizadeh & Azin Khodaei

  2. Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11155-9466, Tehran, Iran

    Azin Khodaei

Authors
  1. Mahdi Zekavat
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  2. Hossein Yoozbashizadeh
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  3. Azin Khodaei
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Correspondence to Mahdi Zekavat.

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Zekavat, M., Yoozbashizadeh, H. & Khodaei, A. Leaching of Antimony from Stibnite Ore in KOH Solution for Sodium Pyroantimonate Production: Systematic Optimization and Kinetic Study. JOM 73, 903–912 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04531-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04531-8

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