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Surface and Bulk Modification of Titanium Grade 2 Substrates for Enhanced Biological Activity

  • Advances in Surface Engineering
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Abstract

The cellular response on the surface of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP)-processed nanostructured titanium grade 2 substrates after plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) has been investigated. The results demonstrate that, after four passes of the ECAP process, the mechanical properties of the nanostructured sample were significantly enhanced compared with the coarse-grained sample. The results of x-ray diffractometry and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed that hydroxyapatite particles formed on the nanostructured Ti surface modified by PEO, indicating enhanced bioactivity. The growth rate and degree of cell attachment were notably increased, while the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells was negligible on the surface of the PEO-coated nanostructured titanium. This enhanced cell activity is related to the ultrafine grains with a distinct surface oxide layer having specific morphology and composition. As both the surface and bulk properties of the PEO-processed nanostructured titanium samples were improved, these samples could be excellent candidates for use as bone substitute materials.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF). Also, the authors are grateful for the support of the NBIC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 11155-4563, Iran

    F. Reshadi & G. Faraji

  2. Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-6455, Iran

    H. Moghtaderi

  3. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Group, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, 14965/161, Iran

    S. Faghihi

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  1. F. Reshadi
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  2. G. Faraji
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  4. S. Faghihi
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Correspondence to G. Faraji.

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Reshadi, F., Faraji, G., Moghtaderi, H. et al. Surface and Bulk Modification of Titanium Grade 2 Substrates for Enhanced Biological Activity. JOM 72, 721–729 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03866-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03866-1

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