Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Investigating Mg Biocorrosion In Vitro: Lessons Learned and Recommendations

  • Characterization of Biodegradable Medical Materials
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are achieving good clinical success in applications as temporary biodegradable medical implants. However, the study of the corrosion in medical environments (biocorrosion) is still ongoing. Much of this study is conducted via laboratory (i.e., in vitro) immersion tests, which can be challenging. We have outlined and updated a range of recommendations on the in vitro biocorrosion assessment of Mg alloys, based on our experience in the field and the lessons learned through years of experiments. We hope these recommendations will help to improve future biocorrosion testing and provide insight for both researchers with experience in this field and those seeking to enter it.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y. Zheng, X. Gu, and F. Witte, Mater. Sci. Eng. R Rep. 77, 1 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. A. Atrens, G.L. Song, M. Liu, Z. Shi, F. Cao, and M.S. Dargusch, Adv. Eng. Mater. 17, 400 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M.P. Staiger, A.M. Pietak, J. Huadmai, and G. Dias, Biomaterials 27, 1728 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Atrens, S. Johnston, Z. Shi, and M.S. Dargusch, Scr. Mater. 154, 92 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Ding, C. Wen, P. Hodgson, and Y. Li, J. Mater. Chem. B 2, 1912 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. N. Sezer, Z. Evis, S.M. Kayhan, A. Tahmasebifar, M. Koç, and J. Mag, Alloys 6, 7 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  7. C. Wen, M. Mabuchi, Y. Yamada, K. Shimojima, Y. Chino, and T. Asahina, Scr. Mater. 45, 1147 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Y. Chen, W. Zhang, M.F. Maitz, M. Chen, H. Zhang, J. Mao, Y. Zhao, N. Huang, and G. Wan, Corros. Sci. 111, 541 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. J.-M. Seitz, A. Lucas, and M. Kirschner, JOM 68, 1 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Haude, R. Erbel, P. Erne, S. Verheye, P. Vermeersch, H. Degen, D. Boese, R. Waksman, N. Weissman, and F. Prati, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 64, B182 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Haude, H. Ince, S. Kische, A. Abizaid, R. Tolg, P.A. Lemos, N.M. van Mieghem, S. Verheye, C. von Birgelen, E.H. Christiansen, E. Barbato, H.M. Garcia-Garcia, and R. Waksman, Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 92, E502 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. C. Plaass, C. von Falck, S. Ettinger, L. Sonnow, F. Calderone, A. Weizbauer, J. Reifenrath, L. Claassen, H. Waizy, K. Daniilidis, J. Orthop. Sci. 67 (2017).

  13. A. Atrens, M. Liu, and N.I.Z. Abidin, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176, 1609 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. T. Kraus, S.F. Fischerauer, A.C. Hänzi, P.J. Uggowitzer, J.F. Löffler, and A.M. Weinberg, Acta Biomater. 8, 1230 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S. Johnston, M. Dargusch, and A. Atrens, Sci. China Mater. 61, 475 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. N. Kirkland, N. Birbilis, and M. Staiger, Acta Biomater. 8, 925 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. F. Witte, J. Fischer, J. Nellesen, H.-A. Crostack, V. Kaese, A. Pisch, F. Beckmann, and H. Windhagen, Biomaterials 27, 1013 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. ASTM, G 31-72, ASTM Annual Book of Standards, (2004).

  19. G.L. Song and A. Atrens, Adv. Eng. Mater. 1, 11 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. A. Atrens, G.-L. Song, F. Cao, Z. Shi, and P.K. Bowen, J. Magn. Alloys 1, 177 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. G. Song and A. Atrens, Adv. Eng. Mater. 5, 837 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Liu, S. Zanna, H. Ardelean, I. Frateur, P. Schmutz, G. Song, A. Atrens, and P. Marcus, Corros. Sci. 51, 1115 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. N.I. Zainal Abidin, B. Rolfe, H. Owen, J. Malisano, D. Martin, J. Hofstetter, P.J. Uggowitzer, and A. Atrens, Corros. Sci. 75, 354 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. S. Johnston, Z. Shi, and A. Atrens, Corros. Sci. 101, 182–192 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. A. Atrens, G. Song, Z. Shi, A. Soltan, S. Johnston, M. Dargusch, Reference module in chemistry, molecular science and chemical engineer. in K Wandel ed Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry, Elsevier, vol. 6, p. 515 (2018).

  26. M. Staiger, F. Feyerabend, R. Willumeit, C. Sfeir, Y. Zheng, S. Virtanen, W. Müeller, A. Atrens, M. Peuster, and P. Kumta, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176, 1596 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Walker, S. Shadanbaz, N.T. Kirkland, E. Stace, T. Woodfield, M.P. Staiger, and G.J. Dias, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 100, 1134 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Witecka, A. Bogucka, A. Yamamoto, K. Máthis, T. Krajňák, J. Jaroszewicz, and W. Święszkowski, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 65, 59 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. N. Fogh-Andersen, B.M. Altura, B.T. Altura, and O. Siggaard-Andersen, Clin. Chem. 41, 1522 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  30. A. Bretag, Life Sci. 8, m319 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Johnston, Z. Shi, M.S. Dargusch, and A. Atrens, Corros. Sci. 108, 66 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. S. Johnston, Z. Shi, C. Hoe, P.J. Uggowitzer, M. Cihova, J.F. Löffler, M.S. Dargusch, and A. Atrens, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 106B, 1907 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. I. Marco, A. Myrissa, E. Martinelli, F. Feyerabend, R. Willumeit-Römer, A. Weinberg, and O. Van der Biest, Eur. Cells Mater. 33, 90 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. A. Yamamoto and S. Hiromoto, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 29, 1559 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. I. Edelman and J. Leibman, Am. J. Med. 27, 256 (1959).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Y. Liu, S. Zheng, N. Li, H. Guo, Y. Zheng, and J. Peng, Sci. Rep. 7, 40184 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. J.Y. Lock, E. Wyatt, S. Upadhyayula, A. Whall, V. Nuñez, V.I. Vullev, and H. Liu, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 102, 781 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. T. Hartung, M. Balls, C. Bardouille, O. Blanck, S. Coecke, G. Gstraunthaler, and D. Lewis, ATLA 30, 407–414 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  39. M.C. Phelan, Cur. Prot. Neurosci. 38, 19 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  40. R.I. Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells: A Manual of Basic Technique and Specialized Applications (New York: Wiley, 2015).

    Google Scholar 

  41. I. Marco, F. Feyerabend, R. Willumeit-Römer, and O. Van der Biest, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 35, 676 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  42. H.-L. Chan, P.R. Gaffney, M.D. Waterfield, H. Anderle, H.P. Matthiessen, H.-P. Schwarz, P.L. Turecek, and J.F. Timms, FEBS Lett. 580, 3229 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. G. Song, A. Atrens, and D. StJohn, Magn. Technol. 2001, 254 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  44. J. Hofstetter, E. Martinelli, A.M. Weinberg, M. Becker, B. Mingler, P.J. Uggowitzer, and J.F. Löffler, Corros. Sci. 91, 29 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. A. Atrens, G. Song, Z. Shi, A. Soltan, S. Johnston, and M. Dargusch, Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry, Vol. 515 (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2017).

    Google Scholar 

  46. N.I. Zainal Abidin, A.D. Atrens, D. Martin, and A. Atrens, Corros. Sci. 53, 3542 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Australian Federal Government through an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. The authors acknowledge the Australian Research Council (ARC) (Grant Nos. LP150100950, IH150100024, and DP170102557). M.S.D. and S.J. acknowledge the support of the ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing of Medical Devices. The staff of the University of Queensland Biological Resourced (UQBR) Department, in particular Mrs. Kym French, are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance and expertise in animal handling and care. The National Imaging Facility at the Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) is acknowledged for their assistance and expertise with the imaging conducted in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Engineering Division, School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Sean Johnston, Zhiming Shi & Andrej Atrens

  2. Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Sean Johnston, Zhiming Shi, Jeffrey Venezuela & Matthew S. Dargusch

  3. School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Cuie Wen

Authors
  1. Sean Johnston
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhiming Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jeffrey Venezuela
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Cuie Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Matthew S. Dargusch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Andrej Atrens
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Sean Johnston or Andrej Atrens.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Johnston, S., Shi, Z., Venezuela, J. et al. Investigating Mg Biocorrosion In Vitro: Lessons Learned and Recommendations. JOM 71, 1406–1413 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03327-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03327-9

Search

Navigation