Abstract
In this study, poly-toluene isomers, such as poly(o-toluidine), poly(m-toluidine), and poly(p-toluidine), (abbreviated as POT, PMT, and PPT, respectively), were investigated for the corrosion protection of mild steel in 3.5% NaCl. The polymers were prepared by chemical oxidation and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion inhibition abilities of these coatings were evaluated by polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in aqueous NaCl solution. The results of this study showed that the inhibition efficiency of PMT reached 82.1%, which was greater than those of POT and PPT with 74.5% and 69.2%, respectively. In addition, the corresponding corrosion rates of PMT, POT, and PPT are 1.3 × 10−4 mm/year, 1.0 × 10−3 mm/year, and 4.1 × 10−2 mm/year, respectively. All these data reveal excellent properties of PMT in terms of corrosion protection.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11837-018-3122-7/MediaObjects/11837_2018_3122_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11837-018-3122-7/MediaObjects/11837_2018_3122_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11837-018-3122-7/MediaObjects/11837_2018_3122_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11837-018-3122-7/MediaObjects/11837_2018_3122_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11837-018-3122-7/MediaObjects/11837_2018_3122_Fig5_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y. Hayatgheib, B. Ramezanzadeh, P. Kardar, and M. Mahdavian, Corros. Sci. 133, 358 (2018).
H.S. Karmakar, R. Arukula, A. Thota, R. Narayan, and C.R.K. Rao, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 135, 45806 (2017).
S. Liu, L. Liu, F. Meng, Y. Li, and F. Wang, Materials 11, 292 (2018).
L. Zhang, S. Liu, H. Han, Y. Zhou, S. Hu, C. He, and Q. Yan, Surf. Coat. Technol. 341, 95 (2017).
N. Jadhav, T. Matsuda, and V. Gelling, J. Coat. Technol. Res. 5, 1 (2017).
L. Ai, Y. Liu, X.Y. Zhang, X.H. Ouyang, and Z.Y. Ge, Synth. Met. 191, 41 (2014).
Y. Dai, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 11, 4084 (2016).
T. Siva, K. Kamaraj, and S. Sathiyanarayanan, Prog. Org. Coat. 77, 1807 (2014).
B.N. Grgur, A.R. Elkais, M.M. Gvozdenović, S.Ž. Drmanić, T.L. Trišović, and B.Z. Jugović, Prog. Org. Coat. 79, 17 (2015).
E. Armelin, R. Pla, F. Liesa, X. Ramis, J.I. Iribarren, and C. Alemán, Corros. Sci. 50, 721 (2008).
E. Hür, G. Bereket, and Y. Şahin, Curr. Appl. Phys. 7, 597 (2007).
S. Bhadra, D. Khastgir, N.K. Singha, and J.H. Lee, Prog. Polym. Sci. 34, 783 (2009).
V.P. Shinde, Ionics 24, 605 (2018).
C.B. Hu, Y. Li, Y.Z. Kong, and Y.S. Ding, Synth. Met. 214, 62 (2016).
P.S. Vijayanand, J. Vivekanandan, A. Mahudeswaran, G.R. Kumar, and R. Anandarasu, Des. Monomers Polym. 18, 12 (2015).
S.V. Bhavsar, J. Macromol. Sci. A 51, 435 (2014).
S. Bilal and R. Holze, J. Electroanal. Chem. 592, 1 (2006).
Y. Ismail, A. Ahmad, and F. Mohammad, J. Macromol. Sci. A 45, 650 (2008).
M. Rashid, S. Sabir, U. Waware, and A.A. Rahim, Anti Corros. Methods Mater. 61, 334 (2014).
G. Madhusudhana and R.J. Santhi, IJSR 1, 1645 (2015).
S. Bilal, S. Farooq, A.U.H.A. Shah, and R. Holze, Synth. Met. 197, 144 (2014).
S. Baek, J.J. Ree, and M. Ree, J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem. 40, 983 (2002).
J. Ruxangul, A. Tursun, and N. Ismayil, Polym. Adv. Technol. 19, 1461 (2010).
R. Sasikumar, P. Ranganathan, S.M. Chen, S.P. Rwei, and P. Muthukrishnan, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 504, 149 (2017).
S. Li, C. Zhao, Y. Wang, H. Li, and Y. Li, J. Mater. Sci. 53, 7344 (2018).
J.A. Syed, S.C. Tang, and X.K. Meng, Appl. Surf. Sci. 383, 177 (2016).
M. Mrad, Y.B. Amor, L. Dhouibi, and M.F. Montemor, Surf. Coat. Technol. 337, 1 (2018).
P. Muthirulan and N. Rajendran, Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 2072 (2012).
C.B. Hu, Y. Li, N. Zhang, and Y.S. Ding, RSC Adv. 7, 11732 (2017).
D.D. Shreeram, S. Li, V. Bedekar, H. Cong, and G.L. Doll, Surf. Coat. Technol. 325, 386 (2017).
P.J. Kinlen, V. Menon, and Y. Ding, J. Electrochem. Soc. 146, 3690 (1999).
M.A. Abd El-Ghaffar, N.A. Abdelwahab, and E.A.M. Youssef, Pigm. Resin Technol. 39, 228 (2010).
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51474057, 51774076, 51704063), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. N172507011). The first author is also thankful to Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensor and Technology providing the facilities for the research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, J., Li, Y. & Zhang, S. Preparation, Characterization and Corrosion Evaluation of Poly(o-toluidine), Poly(m-Toluidine), and Poly(p-Toluidine) Blended with Waterborne Polyurethane. JOM 70, 2660–2666 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-3122-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-3122-7