Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The microstructural characterization and simulation of titanium alloys modified with boron

  • Research Summary
  • Processing and Characterizing Titanium Alloys
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Strength and stiffness of conventional titanium alloys (e.g., Ti-6Al-4V) can be significantly improved while maintaining adequate fracture properties via additions of small amounts of boron. Boron-modified titanium alloys have the potential to expand the usage of titanium and are attractive for a variety of applications in the automotive, aerospace, biomedical, and sporting goods industries. The improvements in the mechanical properties of boronmodified titanium alloys are attributed to the presence of TiB whiskers that precipitate in-situ during processing. Significant progress has been made in representation, modeling, and simulation of microstructure-properties relationships in boron-modified titanium alloys. These findings are reviewed in this paper with emphasis on the latest developments in quantitative characterization, mathematical representation, and computer simulations of microstructures of boronmodified Ti-6Al-4V alloys, and their use in the modeling and simulation of the mechanical response.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A.E. Palty, H. Margolin, and J.P. Nielsen, “Titanium-Nitrogen and Titanium-Boron Systems,” Trans ASM, 46 (1954), pp. 312–328.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. J.L. Murray, P.K. Liao, and K.E. Spear, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams (Materials Park, OH: ASM, 1992), p. 285.

    Google Scholar 

  3. S. Tamirisakandala et al., “Effect of Boron on the Beta Transus of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy,” Scripta Materialia, 53 (2005), pp. 217–222.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. O.M. Ivasishin, Institute for Metal Physics, Ukraine, private communication with author (2005).

  5. T. Saito, “The Automotive Application of Discontinuously Reinforced TiB-Ti Composites,” JOM, 56(5) (2004), pp. 33–36.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Abkowitz et al., “Cerme Ti® Discontinuously Reinforced Ti-Matrix Composites: Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications,” JOM, 56(5) (2004), pp. 37–41.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. S.I. Lieberman, A.M. Gokhale, and S. Tamirisakandala, “Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Microstructures of TiB Phase in a Powder Metallurgy Titanium Alloy Using Montage Serial Sectioning,” Scripta Materialia, 55 (2006), pp. 63–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S.I. Lieberman, A.M. Gokhale, and S. Tamirisakandala, “Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Microstructures of TiB Whiskers in a Ti-6Al-4V-1B Alloy,” Materials Characterization (in press).

  9. A.M. Gokhale et al., “Simulations of Microstructural Geometry for Materials Design,” Proceedings of Twelfth International Conference on Plasticity and its Current Applications, ed. A. Khan and R. Kazmi (Baltimore, MD: NEAT Press Inc., 2006), pp. 262–264.

    Google Scholar 

  10. F.N. Rhines, K.R. Craig, and D.A. Rousse, “Measurement of Average Grain Volume and Certain Topological Parameters by Serial Section Analysis,” Metallurgical Transactions A, 7A (1976), pp. 1729–1734.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R.S. Sidhu and N. Chawla, “Three-Dimensional Microstructure Characterization of Ag3 Sn Intermetallics in Sn-rich Solder by Serial Sectioning,” Materials Characterization, 52 (2004), pp. 225–230.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. T. Yokomizo et al., “Three-Dimensional Distribution, Morphology, and Nucleation Site of Intragranular Ferrite Formed in Association with Inclusions,” Materials Science and Engineering, 344A (2003), pp. 261–267.

    Google Scholar 

  13. K.M. Wu and M. Enomoto, “Three-Dimensional Morphology of Degenerate Ferrite in an Fe-C-Mo Alloy,” Scripta Materialia, 46 (2002), pp. 569–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. A. Tewari, A.M. Gokhale, and R.M. German, “Effect of Gravity on Three-Dimensional Coordination Number Distribution in Liquid Phase Sintered Microstructures,” Acta Materialia, 47 (1999), pp. 3721–3734.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. A. Tewari and A.M. Gokhale, “Estimation of Three-Dimensional Grain Size Distribution from Microstructural Serial Sections,” Materials Characterization, 47 (2001), pp. 329–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Singh and A.M. Gokhale, “Visualization of Three-Dimensional Microstructures,” Materials Characterization, 54 (2005), pp. 21–29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. C. Schuh and D.C. Dunand, “Whisker Alignment of Ti-6Al-4V/TiB Composites during Deformation by Transformation Superplasticity,” International Journal of Plasticity, 17 (2001), pp. 317–340.

    Article  MATH  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. A. Tewari et al., “Quantitative Characterization of Spatial Clustering in Three-Dimensional Microstructures using Two-Point Correlation Functions,” Acta Materialia, 52 (2004), pp. 307–319.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Singh, Y. Mao, and A.M. Gokhale, “Application of Digital Image Processing for Implementation of Complex Realistic Particle Shapes/Morphologies in Computer Simulated Heterogeneous Microstructures,” Modeling and Simulations in Material Science, 14 (2006), pp. 351–363.

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. H. Singh et al., “Computer Simulations of Realistic Microstructures of Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminum Alloy (DRA) Composites,” Acta Materialia, 54 (2006), pp. 2131–2143.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Y. Mao, A.M. Gokhale, and J. Harris, “Computer Simulations of Realistic Microstructures of Coarse Constituent Particles in a Hot-Rolled Aluminum Alloy,” Computational Materials Science, 37 (2006), pp. 543–556.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    A. M. Gokhale (professor)

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA

    S. Tamirisakandala

  3. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Athens, Ohio, USA

    D. B. Miracle

Authors
  1. S. I. Lieberman PH.D. students
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Singh PH.D. students
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Y. Mao PH.D. students
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Sreeranganathan PH.D. students
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. M. Gokhale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. Tamirisakandala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. D. B. Miracle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lieberman, S.I., Singh, H., Mao, Y. et al. The microstructural characterization and simulation of titanium alloys modified with boron. JOM 59, 59–63 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-007-0012-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-007-0012-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation