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Approche cognitivo-comportementale de l’addiction à la cocaïne

Cognitive-behavioural approach to cocaine addiction

  • Thérapeutique / Therapeutics
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Résumé

L’addiction à la cocaïne a des conséquences médicales, psychologiques, cognitives, sociales et légales. Longtemps cantonnée à un public ciblé, les données épidémiologiques montrent que l’addiction à la cocaïne augmente considérablement en Europe et touche toutes les catégories sociales, y compris les personnes « insérées ». L’approche cognitivo-comportementale offre un cadre conceptuel permettant de mieux comprendre les mécanismes induits dans l’installation et le maintien de l’addiction à la cocaïne. La consommation et la dépendance à la cocaïne sont alors considérées comme des comportements appris. Les thérapies comportementales et cognitives appliquées au traitement de l’addiction à la cocaïne disposent de diverses techniques thérapeutiques permettant de modifier les comportements, pensées et émotions inadaptés entraînant la consommation. D’un point de vue pharmacologique, il n’existe pas de traitements médicamenteux validés pour ce trouble bien que des pistes prometteuses aient émergé, notamment la N-acétylcystéine (NAC).

Abstract

Cocaine addiction has medical, psychological, cognitive, social, and legal consequences. For a while confined to a targeted audience, epidemiological data show that cocaine addiction considerably “increases” in Europe and reaches all social categories, including socialized people. The cognitive-behavioral approach provides a conceptual frame allowing a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in at the beginning and all along the cocaine addiction. Consumption and addiction to cocaine are then considered learned behaviors. Cognitive-behavioral therapies applied to the treatment of cocaine addiction include different therapeutic techniques that modify maladjusted behaviors, thoughts, and feelings leading to consumption. On a pharmacologic point of view, there is no drug treatment for this disorder, even though promising tracks emerged, especially the N-acétylcystéine.

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Dumont, A. Approche cognitivo-comportementale de l’addiction à la cocaïne. Psychiatr Sci Hum Neurosci 8, 88–92 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11836-010-0125-z

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