Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Insbesondere im Schlaf kann es bei Patienten mit Asthma bronchiale und COPD zu einer Verschlechterung der respiratorischen Situation kommen. Klassische Symptome des Asthma bronchiale sind Giemen („wheezing“), trockener Husten und Luftnot. Patienten, insbesondere Kinder, mit einem nächtlichen Asthma leiden häufig unter Schlafstörungen sowie einer beeinträchtigten Tagesbefindlichkeit. Die subjektive Beurteilung von Husten- und Giemenereignissen weist eine hohe Fehlerquote auf.
Ziel der Arbeit
In dieser Arbeit wird ein mobiles Langzeitrekordersystem (LEOSound) vorgestellt, mit dem Atem- und Lungengeräusche (z. B. Giemen und Husten) über einen längeren Zeitraum automatisch aufgezeichnet und analysiert werden können.
Diskussion und Ausblick
Durch das vorgestellte System ist es erstmals möglich, Giemen und Husten im Langzeitverlauf objektiv zu erfassen. LEOSound ist damit eine vielversprechende Ergänzung der diagnostischen Messinstrumente in der Lungenheilkunde. Bedeutsam ist zudem die Option der Kontrolle der Symptome unter einer antiobstruktiven, antitussiven und sekretolytischen Therapie. Vor allem bei Kindern, bei denen noch keine Lungenfunktionsdiagnostik durchführbar ist, könnte das Verfahren hilfreich sein. Jedoch soll und kann mithilfe der nächtlichen Langzeitregistrierung der Atemgeräusche keine Diagnose gestellt werden.
Abstract
Background
Sleep quality is especially disturbed by respiratory problems in patients with (nocturnal) asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The diagnosis of asthma is difficult and mostly based on clinical symptoms, such as wheezing, coughing and dyspnea. Children with nocturnal wheezing often suffer from a lower quality of sleep and daytime performance. Physicians recommend that parents record the frequency of asthma attacks or symptoms to help manage the disease; however, the lack of an appropriate method for standardized and objective monitoring leads to difficulties in asthma management.
Objectives
The aim of this article is to present a new mobile long-term recording device (LEOSound) for the automated detection and analysis of respiratory noise, such as wheezing and coughing, which can be automatically recorded and analysed over long periods of time.
Discussion and perspectives
Using the system presented here it is possible for the first time to objectively register wheezing and coughing; therefore, LeoSound is a very promising extension to available diagnostic measurement instruments in pneumology. An important option is also the control of symptoms during antiobstructive, antitussive and secretolytic therapy. The procedure could be particularly useful in children where lung function diagnostics cannot be carried out; however, a diagnosis cannot and should not be made only using the long-term recording of breathing noise.
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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien
Interessenkonflikt. U. Koehler hat Honorare für Beratertätigkeit, Vorträge sowie Unterstützungen für Forschungsvorhaben von den Firmen Heinen und Löwenstein, IfM, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Berlin-Chemie, Resmed, Weinmann und UCB Biosciences erhalten. V. Gross hat Honorare für Beratertätigkeit und Vorträge von Heinen und Löwenstein erhalten. O. Hildebrand, C. Nell, R. Alakhras, W. Nikolaizik, A. Weissflog, L. Hoehle, K. Sohrabi und L. Totta geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
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Koehler, U., Hildebrandt, O., Nell, C. et al. Akustisches Langzeit-Monitoring von Atem- und Lungengeräuschen im Schlaf . Somnologie 18, 225–230 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-014-0685-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-014-0685-6