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Reusable Pd nanoparticle catalysts supported on KOH-activated waste coffee grounds for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

  • Catalysis, Reaction Engineering
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Abstract

Waste coffee grounds (CGs) are typically incinerated or sent to landfills, which can pollute the environment. However, after chemical treatments, such as carbonization and KOH-activation, CGs can exhibit macroporous and microporous structures, besides high chemical stability and surface area (2,710 m2/g). Thus, activated CGs (ACGs) may be used as catalyst supports. Herein, Pd nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with ACG catalysts were prepared by two different methods: immobilization of PdNPs on the support and in situ reduction of Pd ions to Pd metal in the support. The catalytic performance of the ACG-supported PdNPs for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol was investigated. In the recycling test, the ACG-supported PdNP catalysts outperformed the unsupported PdNPs in terms of the stability and conversion efficiency. Thus, the as-prepared ACG support was determined to be a suitable candidate for aqueous catalytic reactions.

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Acknowledgements

This work; was conducted with research funds of the Research Grant of Kwangwoon University (2023) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022R1F1A1059495).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, Korea

    Hyeonjeong Ryu, Eunhae Park & Younghun Kim

  2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

    Rengaraj Selvaraj

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  1. Hyeonjeong Ryu
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  2. Eunhae Park
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  3. Rengaraj Selvaraj
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  4. Younghun Kim
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Correspondence to Rengaraj Selvaraj or Younghun Kim.

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Ryu, H., Park, E., Selvaraj, R. et al. Reusable Pd nanoparticle catalysts supported on KOH-activated waste coffee grounds for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40, 1892–1900 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-023-1511-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-023-1511-2

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