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Microstructural and thermal investigation of the bioinspired and synthetic fire-retardant materials deposited on cotton using LBL process

  • Materials (Organic, Inorganic, Electronic, Thin Films)
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Abstract

A detailed comparison of the bio- and synthetic polymers based layer by layer (LBL) coatings on a singular cotton fabric substrate was carried out. The growth of the deposited layers and subsequent properties, that could govern the fire protection of the substrate, were studied using low voltage-scanning electron microscope (LV-SEM) and thermal analysis techniques. From the 2D and 3D microstructural evaluation, uniform layered structure, agglomerated/precipitated structures and inter-fibers connecting layered-structure were explored, more thoroughly for chitosan and alginate based (CHI-2, ALG-2) biopolymer coatings, whereas the microstructure of synthetic polymers-based coatings ammonium polyphosphate and Polyvinyl Alcohol (APP-2 and PVA-2) showed only uniform layers. From the microthermal evaluation (TGA and MCC), a two-step degradation was recorded for all samples with a higher char residue recorded for APP-2 (TGA, ∼39.2%, at 600 °C, MCC ∼33.0% at 800 °C) followed by CHI-2 (TGA, ∼12.5% at 600 °C, MCC, ∼8.92% at 800 °C) suggesting superiority of the APP-2 based deposition over that of CHI-2. In addition, the same pattern of dominance was found consistent with the peak heat release rate (PHRR) values and total heat release (THR) values for APP∼ (85.1 W/g, 6.53 KJ/g), and CHI-2∼ (227.74 W/g, 17.17 KJ/g), respectively. However, from the VFT analysis, both samples were found to have comparable properties, in terms of structural integrations, char residue, and flame resistance.

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Acknowledgements

The Korea National Research Foundation grant funded by the Korean government endorsed this work (No. 2018R1A6A1A03024509 and 2021R1I1A1A0105510212). D.G.C. acknowledges the KAIX program (KAIST), Professors Hee-Seung Lee and Young-Min Rhee (Dept. of Chem., KAIST) for financial assistance during the fiscal years of 2020 and 2021, and International Joint Usage Project with ICR, Kyoto University (2019-115 and 2020–124).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechatronic Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51140, Korea

    Zeeshan Ur Rehman & Bon Hen Koo

  2. National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame-Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China

    Ye-Tang Pan

  3. Department of Chemistry, Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Deajon, 34141, Korea

    David George Churchill

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  1. Zeeshan Ur Rehman
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Correspondence to Bon Hen Koo.

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Rehman, Z.U., Pan, YT., Churchill, D.G. et al. Microstructural and thermal investigation of the bioinspired and synthetic fire-retardant materials deposited on cotton using LBL process. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40, 943–951 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1346-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1346-2

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