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Research trends on minimizing the size of noble metal catalysts for Li-CO2 batteries: From nanoparticle to single atom

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Abstract

Li-CO2 batteries involve a spontaneous conversion reaction by injecting CO2 into a cathode, and reversibly store energy without additional energy input through a charging and discharging process, thereby achieving carbon neutrality. Noble metal-based electrocatalysts have been actively considered to efficiently facilitate the Li-CO2 reaction with reduced overvoltage, yet the use of expensive noble metal catalysts is a barrier to developing this type of Li-CO2 battery. Here, the importance of minimizing the size of noble metal particle-based catalysts for Li-CO2 batteries is reviewed and emphasized. Comparisons of the performance of Li-CO2 cells with noble metal catalysts, such as Ru and Ir, showed that overpotential is lower when particle sizes are reduced to the single atom-scale. This indicates that the smaller the particle-to-atomic scale, the greater the catalytic activity. Recent diverse studies based on nano- or atomic-scale Ru and Ir catalysts affecting catalytic activities of the Li-CO2 cell reaction are introduced. Other single atom catalyst candidates are also suggested for Li-CO2 battery applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. 2022M3J1A1085410). This work was partly supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government (MOTIE) (20221B1010003B, Integrated High-Quality Technology Development of Remanufacturing Spent Cathode for Low Carbon Resource Recirculation).

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  1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, 100 Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Korea

    Yeo-Jin Rho, Yoon Jeong Yoo & Won-Hee Ryu

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Prof. Won-Hee Ryu received his BS (2006) from department of metallurgical engineering at Yonsei University, Korea and MS (2007) & PhD (2012) from department of materials science and engineering at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea. During his PhD course, he worked as a visiting researcher in the electrochemical energy storage departaient at the Argonne National Laboratory, USA. Prof. Ryu did postdoctoral works at KAIST (2012–2013) and Yale University (2013–2016). He joined the faculty of the department of chemical and biological engineering at Sookmyung Women’s University (Seoul, Korea) as an assistant professor (2016) and currently work as an associate professor from 2021. Prof. Ryu has published more than 75 papers and 34 international and domestic patents. He has been recognized with several fellowship and awards including The NatureNet Science Fellows (2014–2016), The Korean Electrochemical Society (KECS) Park Sumun Award (2022), and Journal of Materials Chemistry A Emerging Investigators (2022).

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Rho, YJ., Yoo, Y.J. & Ryu, WH. Research trends on minimizing the size of noble metal catalysts for Li-CO2 batteries: From nanoparticle to single atom. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40, 461–472 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1309-7

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