Abstract
Existing hydrogen fueling protocols (HFP), such as SAE J2601, have limitations in low efficiency and limited applicability for various vehicle types. They use lookup tables or formulas constructed by simulation and do not calculate the optimal fueling strategy in real-time. To address this issue, we proposed a real-time responding HFP (RTR-HFP) in our previous study and further improved the RTR-HFP in this study. We introduced a tuning parameter to transform the simplified model from the extreme case to the real case, and we can determine a less conservative pressure ramp rate (PRR) by RTR-HFP in real-time. In addition, to avoid unstable fueling issues when the storage system pressure is too low, we integrated the RTR-HFP with the existing table-based strategy and determined the best PRR while restricting the upper bound on PRR. Furthermore, we performed a risk assessment of the fueling system and found a solution to ensure the safety integrity level in the control system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Schneider, G. Meadows, S. R. Mathison, M. J. Veenstra, J. Shim, R. Immel, M. Wistoft-Ibsen, S. Quong, M. Greisel, T. McGuire and P. Potzel, SAE Int. J. Altern. Powertrains, 3, 2 (2014).
F. Olmos and V. I. Manousiouthakis, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38, 8 (2013).
K. Handa, S. Yamaguchi, K. Minowa and S. Mathison, SAE Int. J. Altern. Powertrains, 6, 2 (2017).
S. Pregassame, F. Barth, L. Allidieres and K. Barral, 16th World Hydrog. Energy Conf. (2006).
Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE J2601: Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles. SAE International (2016).
S. Mathison, How Advanced Hydrogen Fueling Protocols can Improve Fueling Performance & H2 Station Design (2020).
S. Mathison, K. Handa, T. McGuire, T. Brown, T. Goldstein and M. Johnston, SAE Int. J. Altern. Powertrains, 4, 1 (2015).
R. Harty, S. Mathison and N. Gupta. Proc. Natl. Hydrog. Assoc. Conf. (2010).
C. K. Chae, B. H. Park, Y. S. Huh, S.K. Kang, S.Y. Kang and H. N. Kim, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 45, 30 (2020).
B. Thomas, B. Frederic, B. Thomas, R. Baptiste and D. Clemence, D5.1 Validation of a new approach for fast filling of hydrogen tanks, HyTransfer (2017).
K. Handa and S. Yamaguchi, Int. J. Automot. Eng., 9, 4 (2018).
S. Yamaguchi, Y. Fujita and K. Handa, 31st Int. Electr. Veh. Symp. Exhib. EVS (2018).
E. D. Rothuizen, Hydrogen fuelling stations: A thermodynamic analysis of fuelling hydrogen vehicles for personal transportation, Ph.D. Thesis. Technical University of Denmark (2013).
M. Monde, Y. Mitsutake, P. L. l. Woodfield and S. Maruyama, Heat Transf. — Asian Res., 36, 1 (2007).
E. W. Lemmon, M. L. Huber and J. W. Leachman, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol., 113, 6 (2008).
Y. A. Çengel, M. A. Boles and M. Kanoglu, Thermodynamics: An engineering approach, McGraw-Hill Education (2018).
Y. A. Çengel and J. M. Cimbala, Fluid mechanics: Fundamentals and applications, 4th ed. McGraw-Hill Education (2018).
V. Molkov, M. Dadashzadeh and D. Makarov, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 44, 8 (2019).
The International Organization for Standardization. ISO/TS 19880-1 (2016): Gaseous hydrogen — Fuelling — Part 1: General requirements. (2016).
J. Ahn, Y. Noh, T. Joung, Y. Lim, J. Kim, Y. Seo and D. Chang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 44, 5 (2019).
Acknowledgements
This study was part of, and funded by, the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) and the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) Energy International Joint Research Project (No. 20203010040010).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chae, C.K., Park, B.H., Kang, S.K. et al. Development of real time responding hydrogen fueling protocol and its risk assessment. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 2916–2924 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1222-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1222-0