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Investigating the effect of different nanoparticles on thermo-economic optimization of gasket plate heat exchanger

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Abstract

This paper reports an investigation into the effects of different nanoparticles, including copper oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide nanoparticles, on thermoeconomic optimization of the gasket plate heat exchanger (GPHE). Effectiveness and total annual cost (TAC) were selected as two objective functions simultaneously. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) with seven design variables involving particle volumetric concentration and geometrical parameters of the GPHE was used for optimization. Results showed that TAC versus effectiveness was improved when nanoparticles were applied. The results of the optimization show that heat exchanger thermoeconomic parameters are better improved in the case of copper oxide as nanoparticles and generally followed by zirconium oxide, aluminiom oxide, silicon oxide. For example, 2.61% growth in the effectiveness and 6.8% reduction in the TAC are observed in the case of copper oxide nanoparticles compared with the case of without nanoparticles. The effectiveness and TAC decreased with an increase in the corrugation wavelength, while an enhancing in the plate length of the GPHE leads to an increase in effectiveness and TAC. Also, the results indicate that with an enhancement of the particle volumetric concentration of nanoparticles, effectiveness and TAC were increased linearly. Finally, the effect of the price of different nanoparticles on TAC was studied.

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Abbreviations

Atot :

total heat transfer surface area [m2]

af :

annualized factor [-]

a:

chevron corrugation amplitude [mm]

cp :

specific heat [J/kg·K]

C min :

minimum of Ch and Cc [W/K]

C max :

maximum of Ch and Cc [W/K]

C inv :

investment cost [$]

C np :

cost of nanoparticles supply [$]

Cop :

operational cost [$/year]

Dhyd :

hydraulic diameter [m]

f:

fanning friction factor [-]

G:

mass flux [kg/m2·s]

h:

heat transfer coefficient [W/m2 K]

i:

interest rate [-]

K:

thermal conductivity [Wm−1K−1]

kel :

unit price of electricity [$/kWh]

Lp :

plate length [m]

ṁ:

mass flow rate [kg/s]

N:

number of chevron plates [-]

Nu:

Nusselt number [-]

NTU:

number of transfer units [-]

PVC:

particle volumetric concentration [-]

Pr:

Prandtl number [-]

Re:

Reynolds number [-]

Rf :

fouling resistance [K·m2/W])

T:

temperature [K]

U:

overall heat transfer coefficient [W/m2 K]

Vt :

volumetric flow rate [m3/s]

W:

plate width [m]

y:

depreciation time [year]

ZNP :

unit price of nanoparticles [$/kg]

μ :

viscosity [kgm−1s−1]

Φ :

particle volumetric concentration [-]

η p :

pump effectiveness [-]

ρ :

density [kg/m3]

ε :

effectiveness [-]

Λ :

chevron corrugation angle [mm]

β :

corrugation angle [deg]

τ :

hours of operation per year

bf:

base fluid

c:

cold side

h:

hot side

m:

medium

nf:

nanofluid

np:

nanoparticles

tot:

total

w:

wall

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Funding

The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran

    Mohammad Shafiey Dehaj, Hassan Hajabdollahi & Mohammad Ataeizadeh

Authors
  1. Mohammad Shafiey Dehaj
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  2. Hassan Hajabdollahi
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  3. Mohammad Ataeizadeh
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Contributions

H. Hajabdollahi suggested the idea and stated the theory; M. Ataeizadeh performed optimization; M. Shafiey wrote the manuscript with support from H. Hajabdollahi; all authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript; Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hassan Hajabdollahi.

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Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Ethical Approval This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Dehaj, M.S., Hajabdollahi, H. & Ataeizadeh, M. Investigating the effect of different nanoparticles on thermo-economic optimization of gasket plate heat exchanger. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 2636–2651 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1178-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1178-0

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