Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

TiCl3 coagulation for algae-laden water treatment: Performance, control of algal organic matters release and mechanism

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Published:
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Efficient elimination of algal cells with simultaneous inhibition of algal organic matters release is vital for the safety of drinking water. TiCl3 as a coagulant was first applied for Microcystis aeruginosa removal in the present study At the same dosage of 130 µM, higher removal efficiency of 98.1% for algae cells was obtained in TiCl3 coagulation than 64.5% for TiCl4, and the same trend was observed in turbidity and dissolved organic compound removal. Owing to the low reduction capacity of TiCl3, a low damage cell ratio was achieved. While charge neutralization plays a crucial role in the TiCl3 coagulation, the reduction capacity of TiCl3 appears to be decisive for improving the algae removal efficiency. This study suggests that TiCl3 could be a promising coagulant for efficient removal of algae and inhibition of algal organic matter release.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Qi, H. Lan, R. Liu, H. Liu and J. Qu, Water Res., 171, 115448 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. J. Qi, H. Lan, R. Liu, H. Liu and J. Qu, Water Res., 137, 57 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. J. D. Plummer and J. K. Edzwald, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 3661 (2001).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Y. S. Lui, J. W. Qiu, Y. L. Zhang, M. H. Wong and Y. Liang, Water Res., 45, 1454 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Chen, P. Xie, Z. Wang, R. Shang and S. Wang, J. Hazard. Mater., 322, 508 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. X. Zhang, Y. Ma, T. Tang, Y. Xiong and R. Dai, Sci. Total Environ., 720, 137653 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Ma, G. Lei and J. Fang, J. Water Supply Res. Technol. AQUA, 56, 41 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. T. Takaara, D. Sano, Y. Masago and T. Omura, Water Res., 44, 3781 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Jia, Y. Zhou, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang and R. Dai, Water Res., 131, 122 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Ma, R. Liu, H. Liu and J. Qu, Water Res., 46, 73 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Ma, R. Liu, H. Liu, J. Qu and W. Jefferson, Sep. Purif. Technol., 86, 19 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. R. Henderson, S. A. Parsons and B. Jefferson, Water Res., 42, 1827 (2008).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Y. Gan, J. Li, L. Zhang, B. Wu, W. Huang, H. Li and S. Zhang, Chem. Eng. J., 406, 126837 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Y. X. Zhao, B. Y. Gao, G. Z. Zhang, S. Phuntsho and H. K. Shon, Desalination, 335, 70 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Y.-F. Wu, W. Liu, N.-Y. Gao and T. Tao, Water Res., 45, 3704 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. H. K. Shon, S. Vigneswaran, I. S. Kim, J. Cho, G. J. Kim, J. B. Kim and J. H. Kim, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 1372 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. D. C. Divagar Lakshmanan and Gautam Samanta, J. Am. Water Works Assn., 100, 76 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. L. Chekli, C. Eripret, S.H. Park, S. A. A. Tabatabai, O. Vronska, B. Tamburic, J. H. Kim and H. K. Shon, Sep. Purif. Technol., 175, 99 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Z. Ambrus, N. Balázs, T. Alapi, G. Wittmann, P. Sipos, A. Dombi and K. Mogyorósi, Appl. Catal., B, 81, 27 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Hussain, J. Awad, B. Sarkar, C. W. K. Chow, J. Duan and J. van Leeuwen, Sep. Purif. Technol., 213, 213 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. B. Liu, T. Zhu, W. Liu, R. Zhou, S. Zhou, R. Wu, L. Deng, J. Wang and B. Van der Bruggen, Water Res., 187, 116435 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. APHA-AWW A-WEF. American Public Health Association (1998).

  23. P. Jia, Y. Zhou, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang and R. Dai, Water Res., 131, 122 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Qi, H. Lan, S. Miao, Q. Xu, R. Liu, H. Liu and J. Qu, Water Res., 88, 127 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Y. Sun, G. Zhou, X. Xiong, X. Guan, L. Li and H. Bao, Water Res., 47, 4340 (2013).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. E. Bae, N. Murakami and T. Ohno, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 300, 72 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Y. X. Zhao, B. Y. Gao, H. K. Shon, Y. Wang, J. H. Kim and Q. Y. Yue, J. Hazard. Mater., 198, 70 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. L. Chekli, E. Corjon, S. A. A. Tabatabai, G. Naidu, B. Tamburic, S. H. Park and H. K. Shon, J. Environ. Manage., 201, 28 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Y. X. Zhao, B. Y. Gao, H. K. Shon, B. C. Cao and J. H. Kim, J. Hazard. Mater., 185, 1536 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. J.-L. Lin, C. Huang and W. M. Wang, Sep. Purif. Technol., 151, 262 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. N. Gu, Y. Wu, J. Gao, X. Meng, P. Zhao, H. Qin and K. Wang, Ecol. Eng., 99, 290 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. X. He, M. Pelaez, J. A. Westrick, K. E. O’Shea, A. Hiskia, T. Triantis, T. Kaloudis, M. I. Stefan, A. A. de la Cruz and D. D. Dionysiou, Water Res., 46, 1501 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. J. Zhou, Z. Zhao, J. Liu, W. Peng, X. Peng, Y. Han and P. Xiao, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36, 1587 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Barešová, J. Načeradská, K. Novotná, L. Čermáková and M. Pivokonský, J. Environ. Sci., 98, 124 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. F. Sun, H.-Y. Pei, W.-R. Hu, X.-Q. Li, C.-X. Ma and R.-T. Pei, Sep. Purif. Technol., 115, 123 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. J. Xu, Y. Zhao, B. Gao and Q. Zhao, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 25, 13147 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. X. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Wei and S. Zhang, Water Res., 128, 341 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. D. Ma, B. Gao, S. Sun, Y. Wang, Q. Yue and Q. Li, Bioresour. Technol., 136, 535 (2013).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. X. Zhang, Z. Chen, J. Shen, S. Zhao, J. Kang, W. Chu, Y. Zhou and B. Wang, Chemosphere, 242, 125227 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. J. Zhou, J. Liu, Z. Zhao, W. Peng, F. Cui and Z. Liang, Chem. Eng. J., 382, 123012 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. B. Gürünlü and M. Bayramoğlu, J. Nano. Res., 59, 166 (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. J. Ma, W. Xia, X. Fu, L. Ding, Y. Kong, H. Zhang and K. Fu, J. Clean. Prod., 248, 119276 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. L. Zhao, L. Zhang, H. Lin, Q. Nong, M. Cui, Y. Wu and Y. He, J. Hazard. Mater., 299, 333 (2015).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. S. Hoang, S. Guo, N. T. Hahn, A. J. Bard and C. B. Mullins, Nano Lett., 12, 26 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. M. C. Biesinger, L. W. M. Lau, A. R. Gerson and R. S. C. Smart, Appl. Surf. Sci., 257, 887 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. E. Gemelli, C. X. Resende and G. D. de Almeida Soares, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 21, 2035 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. L. El Fissi, D. Vandormael, L. Houssiau and L. A. Francis, Appl. Surf. Sci., 363, 670 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. X. Wang, M. Li, X. Song, Z. Chen, B. Wu and S. Zhang, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 9619 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Y. Chi, C. Tian, H. Li and Y. Zhao, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 7, 12964 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the financial support from the National key research and development plan of China (Grant no. 2020YFC 1512404), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 51508564).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Military Facilities, Army Logistics Academy, Chongqing, 401331, China

    Xin Zhou & Jie Liu

Authors
  1. Xin Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jie Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jie Liu.

Additional information

Supporting Information

Additional information as noted in the text. This information is available via the Internet at http://www.springer.com/chemistry/journal/11814.

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhou, X., Liu, J. TiCl3 coagulation for algae-laden water treatment: Performance, control of algal organic matters release and mechanism. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 934–941 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0993-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0993-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation