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Fabrication and characterization of robust zirconia-kaolin hollow fiber membrane: Alkaline dissolution study in ammonia solution

  • Environmental Engineering
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Abstract

Kaolin has been found to be a more economical alternative in ceramic hollow membrane fabrication compared to alumina, silica, and zirconia despite having similar properties. However, it was discovered that apart from having high mechanical strength and the ability to withstand high operational temperature, the kaolin membrane has the tendency to dissolve in a high alkaline solution. Hence, in this study, zirconia (ZrO2) was imposed to kaolin suspension as co-starting material due to its stable hexagonal properties with kaolin to overcome this drawback. To study the dissolution property of the modified kaolin-based membrane, a phase inversion technique was used to fabricate zirconia-kaolin hollow fiber membrane (ZKHFM) followed by immersion in ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) as an alkaline solution. Ammonia was aptly chosen for it being considered as one of the pollutants to be removed from wastewater. The mechanism, morphology and properties of the membrane were investigated in terms of sintering temperature, morphology, mechanical strength, pore size and porosity The results showed that ZKHFM with 10 wt% (ZK-10) with sintering temperature of 1,200 °C had the best performance in terms of having high mechanical strength (21MPa), excellent permeation flux (∼1,600 Lm2/h) and lowest dissolution (0.01 g dissolute) at pH 13, indicating the ability of ZKHFM to be used in alkaline solution.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (Project Number: R.J130000.7809.5F161) and Higher Institution Centre of Excellence Scheme (Project Number: R.J090301.7809.4J430) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia under the Prototype Development Fund ICC (PRGS-ICC) (Project number: R.J130000.7709.4J483), UTM Transdiciplinary Research Grant (Project number: Q.J130000.3551.05G09), and UTM High Impact Research Grant (Project number: Q.J130000.2409.08G34). The authors would also like to thank Research Management Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for the technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Arif Budiman Pauzan, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman & Nurul Jannah Ismail

  2. School of Technology Management and Logistics, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia

    Siti Khadijah Hubadillah

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Mohd Hafiz Puteh

  4. Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia

    Huda Abdullah

  5. Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia

    Suriani Abu Bakar

  6. Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia

    Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir

  7. School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Wong Keng Yinn

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  1. Mohammad Arif Budiman Pauzan
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Correspondence to Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman.

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Pauzan, M.A.B., Hubadillah, S.K., Othman, M.H.D. et al. Fabrication and characterization of robust zirconia-kaolin hollow fiber membrane: Alkaline dissolution study in ammonia solution. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 38, 2446–2460 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0888-z

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