Abstract
Korea Ministry of Environment regulates the soil quality based on the pseudo-total content of metals extracted by aqua-regia, and the concentration of metals has been used in the risk assessment of the contaminated site. The pseudo-total content of metals can be accepted conservatively as a potentially risky concentration of metals in the soil. However, only some portion of metals in the soil are absorbed by plants, animals, and human beings, and the pseudo-total content used in the risk assessment tend to overestimate the risk of metal contamination. Therefore, the pseudo-total content does not reflect the real risk of the contamination. Bioavailability and bioaccessibility can be alternatives for the pseudo-total content to estimate the reasonable risk. Bioaccessible concentration can be analyzed as in-vitro by the amounts of metals extracted in the gastrointestinal situation, and the bioaccessible concentration is the maximum amount of metals to be absorbed. The bioaccessible concentration of As was evaluated, compared with the pseudo-total concentration of As, and the correlation between the concentration of As and physicochemical properties of soil was analyzed. The bioaccessible concentration can be estimated by the labile fractions of As, and Si, Al, and Mn content decrease the bioaccessible concentration of As.
References
J. S. Yang, J. M. Hwang, K. Baek and M. J. Kwon, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 51, 745 (2013).
J. Son, J. G. Kim, S. Hyun and K. Cho, Environ. Pollut., 249, 1081 (2019).
K. Yang, J. Im, S. Jeong and K. Nam, Environ. Res., 137, 78 (2015).
K. J. Kim, J. C. Yoo, J. S. Yang and K. Baek, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 51, 733 (2013).
X. S. Luo, S. Yu and X. D. Li, Appl. Geochem., 27, 995 (2012).
L. J. Ehlers and R. G. Luthy, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 295A (2003).
Y.-H. Park, Environ. Policy, 25, 183 (2017).
M.-H. Cho, D.-H. Kim and K. Baek, J. Soil Groundwater Environ., 22, 48 (2017).
J. McGeer, G. Henningsen, R. Nanno, N. Fisher, K. Sappington and J. Drexler, Issue paper on the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metals, US EPA, Washington DC (2004).
M. Izquierdo, E. De Miguel, M. F. Ortega and J. Mingot, Chemosphere, 135, 312 (2015).
A. L. Juhasz, J. Weber, E. Smith, R. Naidu, M. Rees, A. Rofe, T. Kuchel and L. Sansom, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 9487 (2009).
J. Thoming and W. Calmano, Acta Hydroch. et Hydrob., 26, 338 (1998).
Q. Xia, C. Peng, D. Lamb, M. Mallavarapu, R. Naidu and J. C. Ng, Chemosphere, 147, 444 (2016).
S. Kuppusamy, K. Venkateswarlu, M. Megharaj, S. Mayilswami and Y. B. Lee, Chemosphere, 186, 607 (2017).
S. W. Casteel, R. P. Cowart, C. P. Weis, G. M. Henningsen, E. Hoffman, W. J. Brattin, R. E. Guzman, M. F. Starost, J. T. Payne, S. L. Stockham, S. V. Becker, J. W. Drexler and J. R. Turk, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 36, 177 (1997).
M. V. Ruby, R. Schoof, W. Brattin, M. Goldade, G. Post, M. Harnois, D. E. Mosby, S. W. Casteel, W. Berti, M. Carpenter, D. Edwards, D. Cragin and W. Chappell, Environ. Sci. Technol., 33, 3697 (1999).
R. R. Rodriguez and N. T. Basta, Environ. Sci. Technol., 33, 642 (1999).
USEPA, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation. OLEM 9200.2-164 (2017).
K. M. Ellickson, R. J. Meeker, M. A. Gallo, B. T. Buckley and P. J. Lioy, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 40, 128 (2001).
J. C. Ng, A. Juhasz, E. Smith and R. Naidu, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 22, 8802 (2015).
S. Denys, J. Caboche, K. Tack, G. Rychen, J. Wragg, M. Cave, C. Jondreville and C. Feidt, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 6252 (2012).
P. Sanderson, R. Naidu, N. Bolan, M. Bowman and S. McLure, Sci. Total Environ., 438, 452 (2012).
S. A. Morman, G. S. Plumlee and D. B. Smith, Appl. Geochem., 24, 1454 (2009).
R. M. Molina, L. A. Schaider, T. C. Donaghey, J. P. Shine and J. D. Brain, Environ. Pollut., 182, 217 (2013).
M. Chen and L. Q. Ma, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, 491 (2001).
G. S. Yoon, J. C. Yoo, S.-H. Ko, M.-H. Shim, M.-H. Cho and K. Baek, J. Soil Groundwater Environ., 22, 27 (2017).
W. W. Wenzel, N. Kirchbaumer, T. Prohaska, G. Stingeder, E. Lombi and D. C. Adriano, Anal. Chim. Acta, 436, 309 (2001).
M. E. Lee, E. K. Jeon, D. C. W. Tsang and K. Baek, J. Hazard. Mater., 354, 91 (2018).
K. Kim, S. H. Kim, G. Y. Jeong and R. H. Kim, J. Hazard. Mater., 199, 25 (2012).
S. Dixit and J. G. Hering, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 4182 (2003).
C. S. Jeon, S. W. Park, K. Baek, J. S. Yang and J. G. Park, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29, 1171 (2012).
E. J. Kim, J. C. Yoo and K. Baek, Environ. Pollut., 186, 29 (2014).
N. E. Keon, C. H. Swartz, D. J. Brabander, C. F. Harvey and H. F. Hemond, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 2778 (2001).
L. Beesley, E. Moreno-Jimenez, R. Clemente, N. Lepp and N. Dickinson, Environ. Pollut., 158, 155 (2010).
W. Hartley, R. Edwards and N. W. Lepp, Environ. Pollut., 131, 495 (2004).
S. Bagherifam, A. Lakzian, A. Fotovat, R. Khorasani and S. Komarneni, J. Hazard. Mater., 273, 247 (2014).
H. B. Kim, S. H. Kim, E. K. Jeon, D. H. Kim, D. C. W. Tsang, D. S. Alessi, E. E. Kwon and K. Baek, Sci. Total Environ., 636, 1241 (2018).
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by Chonbuk National University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Min, SJ., Kim, HB., Kim, SH. et al. Evaluation on bioaccessibility of arsenic in the arsenic-contaminated soil. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 36, 1780–1784 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-019-0383-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-019-0383-y