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Recovery of Chitin and Protein from Shrimp Head Waste by Endogenous Enzyme Autolysis and Fermentation

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Abstract

The industrial processing of shrimp produces massive quantities of solid waste that is a notable source of animal protein, chitin, carotenoids, and other bioactive compounds that are not appropriately utilized. In the present study, chitin and protein extraction from shrimp head with autolysis and fermentation using Bacillus licheniformis were investigated. The results showed that when shrimp heads were autolyzed with a natural pH at 50°C for 4 h, the total amino acid nitrogen in the supernatant was 5.01 mg mL−1. Then, when a 50% (v/m) inoculum of the hydrolysate was incubated at 60°C for 10 h, a deproteinization rate of 88.3% could be obtained. The fermented supernatant was processed into a dry protein powder, while the residues were demineralized by 10% citric acid for chitin. The recovered protein powder contained 5.5% moisture, 11.5% ash, and 66.7% protein, while the chitin contained 3.5% moisture, 2.1% ash, and 3.1% protein. In addition, amino acids, minerals, heavy metals, the degree of acetylation, microstructure, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy results were analyzed. Furthermore, the statistics of the large scale trial after treatment with 20 kg of shrimp heads were analyzed. Thus, this work made the shrimp waste utilization environmentally sound and valuable.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-48), the Major Special Science and Technology Projects in Shandong Province (No. 2016 YYSP016), the Ningbo Science and Technology Projects (No. 2017C110006), the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (No. ZR2015CQ021) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 201564018).

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  1. The two authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China

    Na Guo, Jianan Sun, Zhaohui Zhang & Xiangzhao Mao

  2. Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Xiangzhao Mao

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  1. Na Guo
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  2. Jianan Sun
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  3. Zhaohui Zhang
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Correspondence to Zhaohui Zhang or Xiangzhao Mao.

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Guo, N., Sun, J., Zhang, Z. et al. Recovery of Chitin and Protein from Shrimp Head Waste by Endogenous Enzyme Autolysis and Fermentation. J. Ocean Univ. China 18, 719–726 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-019-3867-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-019-3867-9

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