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Distribution of Different Biogeographical Tintinnids in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

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Abstract

There were different biogeographical tintinnids in the oceans. Knowledge of their distribution pattern and mixing was important to the understanding of ecosystem functions. Yellow Sea (YS) and Bohai Sea (BS) were semi-enclosed seas influenced by warm water intrusion and YS cold bottom water. The occurrence of tintinnids in YS and BS during two cruises (summer and winter) were investigated to find out: i) whether warm-water tintinnids appeared in YS and BS; ii) whether boreal tintinnids appeared in high summer; iii) the core area of neritic tintinnids and iv) how these different biogeographical tintinnids mixed. Our results showed that tintinnid community was dominated by neritic tintinnid. We confirmed the occurrence of warm-water tintinnids in summer and winter. In summer, they intruded into BS and mainly distributed in the upper 20 m where Yellow Sea Surface Warm Water (YSSWW) developed. In winter, they were limited in the surface water of central deep region (bottom depth >50 m) of YS where were affected by Yellow Sea Warm Water (YSWW). Boreal tintinnids occurred in YS in high summer (August) and in winter, while they were not observed in BS. In summer, the highest abundance of boreal tintinnids occurred in Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water, indicating the presence of an oversummering stock. In winter, they were concentrated in the north of YSWW. Vertically, neritic tintinnids abundance was high in the bottom layers. Horizontally, high neritic tintinnids abundance in bottom layers occurred along the 50 m isobath coinciding with the position of front systems. Front systems were the core distribution area of neritic tintinnids. High abundance areas of warm-water and boreal tintinnids were clearly separated vertically in summer, and horizontally in winter. High abundance of neritic tintinnids rarely overlapped with that of warm-water or boreal tintinnids.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41576164), the ‘Strategic Priority Research Program-Western Pacific Ocean System: Structure, Dynamics and Consequences’ of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA11020103.1), and NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences (No. U1606404). The authors thank the captain and crews of R/V Dongfanghong-2, Chen Liang, Zhaojie Teng, Cong Xu, and Shan Zhang for their assistance in the field and laboratory work.

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  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Xue Chen, Haibo Li, Yuan Zhao, Li Zhao, Yi Dong, Wuchang Zhang & Tian Xiao

  2. Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Xue Chen, Haibo Li, Yuan Zhao, Li Zhao, Yi Dong, Wuchang Zhang & Tian Xiao

  3. College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Xue Chen

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  1. Xue Chen
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Correspondence to Wuchang Zhang.

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Chen, X., Li, H., Zhao, Y. et al. Distribution of Different Biogeographical Tintinnids in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. J. Ocean Univ. China 17, 371–384 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3482-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3482-1

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