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Acoustic Conditioning System Development and Conditioning Experiments on Black Seabreams in the Xiangshan Bay Sea Ranch

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Abstract

Attracting released hatchery-reared fish to designated areas during the growth process is vital to realize the objectives of sea ranching. Based on the bottom artificial reefs and surface kelp culture facilities in the Xiangshan Bay sea ranch, we proposed systematic techniques related to acoustic conditioning of the black seabream (Sparus macrocephalus). Experiments conducted in 12 m × 10 m × 1.6 m ponds on Xixuan Island showed that black seabream was positively sensitive to 500–600 Hz periodic signals. Conditioned responses were apparent after 8 d. Two to three days were required for recovery of the memory of a conditioned response after a 20-day interval. According to the practical application requirements in the open sea, unattended acoustic conditioning equipment was developed. The ranching equipment was used in 12 m × 12 m × 2.5 m cages, and the behavior of black seabream juveniles was successfully guided after 7 days. Of the 16000 released fish, 82.5% of them were conditioned with a flexible grading net. To avoid inducing a stress response, the juveniles were released into the sea ranch in situ from the net cage. The acoustic conditioning equipments were moved into the open sea and the aggregation phenomenon of the released fish was observed when the sound was played. After 6 months of investigation and based on Sr+ marking, only one acoustically conditioned fish was found outside the 3.5-km2 sea ranch area, thereby reached the goal of guiding activity. The practical effect in the Xiangshan Bay sea ranch showed the validity of the acoustic conditioning system, which may contribute to improve the operation of the sea ranches in the East China Sea.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 201303047) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51309150).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Qingsong Hu, Hafiz Abd ur Rahman & Shouyu Zhang

  2. East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Shanghai, 200090, China

    Yazhou Jiang

  3. Ningbo Ocean and Fishery Research Institute, Ningbo, 315103, China

    Jikang Shentu

Authors
  1. Qingsong Hu
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  2. Hafiz Abd ur Rahman
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  3. Yazhou Jiang
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  4. Shouyu Zhang
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  5. Jikang Shentu
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Correspondence to Qingsong Hu.

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Hu, Q., Rahman, H.A., Jiang, Y. et al. Acoustic Conditioning System Development and Conditioning Experiments on Black Seabreams in the Xiangshan Bay Sea Ranch. J. Ocean Univ. China 17, 667–674 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3479-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3479-9

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